Neurodevelopmental Disorders I
This specific learning disorder specifier refers to persistent difficulties with slow, effortful word reading and accuracy
Dyslexia
Abbreviated as ABA, this specialized 1-on-1 behavioral modification framework represents the standard non-pharmacological treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Applied Behavior Analysis
Unlike Somatic Symptom Disorder, this disorder is characterized by excessive health anxiety and illness preoccupation with minimal or no physical symptoms
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Hyperfunction of dopamine in this specific neural pathway projecting from the VTA to the Nucleus Accumbens drives the positive symptoms of Schizophrenia
Mesolimbic Pathway
This standardized rating scale is used by clinicians to evaluate daily living skills and deficits across conceptual, social, and practical adaptive domains in Intellectual Disability
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales
This term describes an individual with autism who displays an extraordinary, remarkable skill that would be considered amazing even in neurotypical individuals
Prodigious Savant
This French term describes the striking lack of emotional distress or concern displayed by some patients regarding their acute neurological deficit in Conversion Disorder
La belle indifférence
A formal diagnosis of Schizophrenia requires continuous signs of disturbance for at least this total duration, including prodromal and residual phases
6 months
This communication disorder is characterized by persistent disturbances in speech fluency and timing, including sound prolongations, repetitions, and pauses
Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)
To meet the diagnostic criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), impairing symptoms must be present prior to this age
12 years
This condition involves the intentional fabrication or self-induction of illness solely for primary gain (the sick role) without external financial rewards
Factitious Disorder (Munchausen Syndrome)
This life-threatening adverse reaction to antipsychotics presents within two weeks as severe "lead-pipe" muscle rigidity, high fever, and autonomic instability
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
A diagnosis of Tourette’s Disorder requires the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic persisting for greater than this duration
One year
This non-stimulant selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor is prescribed for ADHD when stimulants are contraindicated due to coexisting tics or anxiety
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Structural MRI studies in patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder demonstrate significant volume reductions in this subcortical memory structure
Hippocampus
Blockade of dopamine D2 receptors in this pathway by antipsychotic medications leads to hyperprolactinemia, causing galactorrhea and gynecomastia
Tuberoinfundibular Pathway