Potential & Kinetic (S8P2a)
This type of energy is "stored" and depends on an object's position or shape.
What is Potential Energy?
This energy transformation occurs when you turn on a battery-powered flashlight.
What is Chemical to Radiant (and Thermal)?
You burn your hand by touching a hot metal spoon left in a pot of soup.
What is Conduction?
This Law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
A wooden spoon and a metal spoon are placed in boiling water. This standard explains why the metal spoon feels hotter to the touch much faster.
What is S8P2d (Thermal Conductivity)?
As a roller coaster speeds down the first big hill, this type of energy is increasing.
What is Kinetic Energy?
A toaster converts electrical energy into this primary form of energy to brown your bread.
What is Thermal Energy?
This method of heat transfer explains why the second floor of a house is usually warmer than the first floor.
What is Convection?
In most energy transformations, some energy is "lost" to the environment, usually in this form.
What is Heat (Thermal Energy)?
When a lit match is held under a balloon, the air inside expands and rises. This combines these two concepts: energy transformation and heat transfer.
What are Chemical to Thermal energy (S8P2b) and Convection (S8P2d)?
This specific type of potential energy depends on an object's height above the ground.
What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
In a hydroelectric dam, the mechanical energy of falling water is converted into this.
What is Electrical Energy?
Unlike conduction and convection, this type of heat transfer can travel through the vacuum of empty space.
What is Radiation?
In a swinging pendulum, the sum of potential and kinetic energy is known by this term.
What is Mechanical Energy?
This is the point on a roller coaster track where the car has the least amount of Kinetic Energy but the most amount of Potential Energy.
What is the highest point (the top of the first hill)?
If you double the velocity ($v$) of a moving object, its kinetic energy increases by this many times, according to the formula KE = 1/2mv2.
What is four times?
During photosynthesis, plants convert radiant energy from the sun into this specific type of stored energy.
What is Chemical Potential Energy?
These materials, such as rubber or wood, do not allow heat to flow through them easily.
What are Insulators?
If a ball has 100 J of potential energy at the top of a hill and 85 J of kinetic energy at the bottom, this much energy was transformed into non-mechanical forms like heat or sound.
What is 15 Joules?
According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, if a lightbulb uses 100 J of electrical energy to produce 10 J of light, this is the amount of energy converted into "wasted" thermal energy.
What is 90 Joules?
Two identical bowling balls are held at the same height. If Ball A is dropped and Ball B is thrown downward, this is how their Gravitational Potential Energy compares at the exact moment they are released.
What is they are equal?
In a nuclear power plant, this is the four-step energy transformation sequence used to eventually power your home.
What is Nuclear? Nuclear --> Thermal --> Mechanical --> Electrical? (Nuclear fission creates heat, which boils water into steam to turn a turbine, which spins a generator.)
This is the specific reason why the handle of a cast-iron skillet gets hot even though only the bottom of the pan is touching the stove burner.
What is Conduction?
In a "closed system," this is what happens to the Total Mechanical Energy (ME) as a frictionless pendulum swings back and forth.
What is it remains constant (or stays the same)? (While PE and KE constantly swap values, their sum remains unchanged in an ideal system.)
A student argues that a "perpetual motion machine" (a machine that runs forever without an energy source) is possible. Identify the specific Law and Standard that proves this student wrong.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy (S8P2c)?