Unique Nature of Pure Water
The chemical formula for water
What is H2O
What two main fwctors determine seawater density?
Temperature and salinity
Name of the ocean’s sunlit surface layer
What Is epipelagic zone?
What gas is mainly responsible for ocean acidification when it dissolves in seawater.
Carbon dioxide.
The attraction of one water molecule to another
What is hydrogen bonding?
Property where two different kinds of molecules stick together
What is Adhesion?
What is salinity
Amount of dissolved salts in water.
Zone that is nicknamed “twilight zone”.
The mesopelagic zone
What happens to seawater pH when ocean acidification increases?
pH decreases, meaning the water becomes more acidic.
The only substance that naturally occurs in all three states on Earth
What is water?
What is the difference between adhesion and cohesion
Adhesion is water sticking to other substances; cohesion is water sticking to itself.
How does increasing salinity affect the density of seawater?
Increases it.
Zone that is 1,000 to 4,000 meters deep and is known as the midnight zone
Bathypelagic
What happen when carbon dioxide and seawater form carbonic acid?
It can release hydrogen ions, lowering the pH.
The state where water is the densest
What is Liquid?
Why does ice float on water?
Because Ice is less dense.
Why is seawater generally denser in cold polar regions than in warm tropical regions?
Cold water is denser than warm water, assuming salinity is similar.
Deepest pelagic zone.
What is hadal zone?
Why does ocean acidification make it harder for some shell-building organisms to grow?
Reduces availability of carbonate ions needed to build calcium carbonate shells and skeletons.
The sticking together of particles of the same substance
What is Cohesion?
How does water's high specific heat help marine organisms survive changing temperatures?
Water absorbs and releases heat slowly, keeping ocean temperatures more stable.
A surface layer of warm, less salty water lies above cold, salty water. Explain why these layers tend to remain separated.
The warmer, less salty water is less dense, so it stays above the denser water below.
Name of zone between 4,000 and 6,000 meters deep.
Abyssopelagic zone
Explain how burning fossil fuels can affect the carbon cycle and marine ecosystems.
Burning fossil fuels releases extra CO₂ into the atmosphere. Some dissolves into the ocean, increasing acidity and making it harder for some marine organisms to build shells and skeletons.
What salts are made of
What are Ions?