Conditioning Basics
This type of learning links two or more stimuli to anticipate events, usually involving involuntary behaviors.
Classical Conditioning
In Pavlov’s original experiment, food served as this type of stimulus because it naturally triggered salivation without prior training.
Unconditioned Stimulus
Any consequence that increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated is called this.
Reinforcement
Every time you flush the toilet in your hotel room, the shower instantly turns freezing cold, making you jump. After a few times, you now jump in fear the exact second you hear the toilet flush, before the water even turns cold.
Classical Conditioning
Fast-food commercials pair appetizing food visuals with cheerful music so you feel hungry when you see their logo. What is the US?
The appetizing food imagery or the cheerful music
This form of learning associates voluntary behaviors with consequences like rewards or punishments.
Operant Conditioning
Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud noise. In this experiment, the white rat is the ________ stimulus, and the noise is the ________ stimulus.
Conditioned Stimulus and Unconditioned Stimulus
Taking an aspirin to make a headache go away is what type of reinforcement?
Negative Reinforcement
You ate a couple of spicy tacos last week and got sick. Even if you just walk past that taco restaurant makes your stomach turn and feel sick.
Classical Conditioning
You spend hours studying hard all week for your test and end up getting an A on the test. Because you felt great about the grade, you want to study just as hard for the next exam. What is the Operant conditioning is this?
Positive Reinforcement
What is Unconditioned Stimulus?
A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any learning
If a bell is rung repeatedly without food, the dog stops salivating. However, after a rest period, the dog salivates again when it hears the bell. What is the CR?
Salivation to the bell after repeated pairings of bell and the food
A dog sits on command, and its owner gives it a tasty treat. Because of this, the dog starts sitting on command more and more. Is giving the treat positive reinforcement or positive punishment?
Positive Reinforcement
A dolphin at an aquarium flips through the hoop after its trainer gives a hand signal, and the trainer throws a fish. Now the dolphin performs the flip more often.
Operant Conditioning
What is the difference between Classical and Operant conditioning?
Classical Conditioning is about reflexes and triggers while operant conditioning is about choices and consequences