Complete dominance
This type of allele is only expressed when the dominant allele is missing
recessive
In radishes, a pure-breeding white radish crossed with a pure-breeding red radish produces offspring plants with purple radishes. What is the genotype of the white, red, and purple radishes?
WW, RR, WR
A chemical tag that turns off gene expression is called
methyl group
What is one type of physical evidence that shows evolution has occured?
embryology, fossil, dna, amino acid, digestive system similarities
an organism that gets their nutrients from breaking down decaying organisms
decomposer
What is the name of a 2x2 diagram that shows the allele combinations that might result from a genetic cross between two parents?
Punnett Square
What is the difference between alleles that show incomplete dominance and alleles that show codominance?
heterozygote is a blend or speckled
Can epigenetic changes be inherited?
Yes
What is a density dependent pressure
PANDA (predation, availability of resources, nutrient supply, disease, accumulation of waste)
A community interaction where two different species both benefit from the interaction
mutualism
Dimples are dominant over the absence of dimples. What type of offspring would be expected from two parents who are heterozygous for dimples?dimples (75%) and no dimples (25%)
dimples (75%) and no dimples (25%)
Give the genotypes for the following blood types: AB, O, A
IAIB, ii, IAi or IAIA
Besides acetylation, one way to increase gene expression is with this epigenetic change
demethylation
What are the requirements to ensure that natural selection has occured?
variation, heritability, rep. advantage
If 315,000KJ are at the first trophic level, how much energy will be transferred to secondary consumers?
3150 KJ
If a parent has the genotype AaBb how many different allele combinations could this parent pass to its offspring?
Four
A woman sues a man, claiming he is the father of her child. The woman has type A blood, the man has type B blood, and the child has type O blood. Could this man be the father?
Yes if they are both heterozygotes
Describe how chromatin would look if it were acetylated
histones spaced out
A mutation led to humans being able to see full spectrum of colors in their eyesight. What was the evolutationary tradeoff that occured with another body system because of our reliance on eyesight?
sense of smell
What does the "K" stand for in a logistic growth curve
carrying capacity
Dimples are dominant over the absence of dimples. Without testing their DNA, how could you test if an individual is homozygous dominant or heterozygous?
Perform a test cross
The following alleles show how coat color in rabbits is inhertied. What pattern of inheritance is this?
multiple alleles
Describe the epigenetic change that increases this type of cancers risk: DNMT1, produces an enzyme that methylates regions of DNA. One researcher found that hyperacetylation (over acetylation) of DNMT1 was associated with increased cancer risk because of its impact on another gene, TP53
over acetylation spaces histones and leads to overexpression of DNMT1. DNMT1 methylates genes. so over acetylation leads to over methylation
Natural selection acts on: (a) random selection (b) phenotypic variation (c) genetic mutations (d) genotypic variation
phenotypic variation
An organism where survivorship does not depend on age
Type II curve