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100
The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle
Crust
100
the strong layer, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core.
mesosphere
100
the boundary formed by the collision of two lithospheric plates.
convergent boundary
100
the bending rock of layers due to stress
folding
100
a vent or fissure in the earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled
volcano
200
The layer of the rock between the Earth's crust and core
Mantle
200
A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle
tectonic plate
200
the boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other
divergent boundary
200
a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another
fault
200
the body of molten rock that feeds a volcano
magma chamber
300
The central part of the Earth below the mantle
Core
300
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
continental drift
300
the boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally
transform boundary
300
the study of earthquakes
seismology
300
A large, semicircular depression that forms, when the magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes the ground above to sink
Caldera
400
The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
lithosphere
400
the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies
sea-floor spreading
400
stress that occurs when forces act to squeeze an object
compression
400
a wave of energy that travels through the earth and away from the earthquake in all directions
seismic wave
400
A wide, flat landform that results from repeated nonexplosive eruptions of lava that spread over a large area
Lava Plateau
500
the soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move
asthenosphere
500
the theory that explains how large pieces of Earth's outermost layer, called tectonic plate, move and shape
plate tectonics
500
stress that occurs when forces act to stretch and object
tension
500
the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point, or focus
epicenter
500
an area of deep cracks that forms between the two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other
Rift Zone
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