Musculoskeletal Definitions
Ropelike bundles of collagen fiberils that bind the articulating bones together
Ligaments
Entrapment neuropathy that occurs when the median nerve at the wrist is compressed by a thickened flexor tendon sheath
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Used to decompress pressure and reduce inflammation
Corticosteroids
Sudden forced motion, stretching muscles beyond normal capacity; caused by hyperextension; pain is severe acutely and chronic is achy.
Ankle sprain
Occurs with pelvic fractures or open femoral fracture in which the femoral artery is torn by bone fragments
Hypovolemic shock
A deformity of the spine that is an exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine
Lordosis
A deformity in which the great toe deviates laterally
Hallux Valgus
Atypical anticonvulsant prescribed for pain from radiculopathy to treat chronic lower back pain.
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
A fracture that results from repeated loading of bone and muscle
Stress Fracture
Elevation of pressure within an anatomic compartment that is above normal perfusion pressure
Compartment Syndrome
Performed to detect metastatic and primary bone tumors, osteomyelitis, some fractures and aseptic necrosis
Bone Scan
Consequence of fluid-filled sac that prevent friction between joint structures during joint activity and painful when inflamed
Bursitis
Inhibit osteoclasts, causing decreased bone loss and increased bone mass
Bisphosphonates
Forced internal rotation or wear from repetitive squatting or climbing; torsional weight-bearing force; Pain occurs with hyperflexion and hyperextension
Meniscal tears of knee (medial)
Complication of long bone fractures whereby fat globules diffuse from the marrow into the vascular compartment
Fat embolism
Mature bone cells involved in bone maintenance
Osteocytes
Slowly progressive contracture of the palmar fascia that causes flexion of the 4th, 5th and sometimes, middle finger, rendering them useless
Dupuytren Disease
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women who are postmenopausal; Used for both men and women taking corticosteroids for at least 12 months.
Zoledronic Acid (Reclast)
A fracture in which a bone fragment is driven into another bone fragment
Impacted bone fx
Occurs when the bone loses its blood supply and dies that may occur after a fracture with disruption of the blood supply to the distal area
Avascular necrosis of bone (AVN; Osteonecrosis)
Involuntary twitching of muscle fiber groups
Fasciculation
Swelling of the third branch of the median plantar nerve whereby, microscopically, digital artery changes cause an ischemia of the nerve within the 3rd intermetartarsal space
Morton Neuroma
A cytotoxic antibiotic used to control Paget Disease. Reserved for severely affected with neurologic compromise and resistant to other therapy
Plicamycin (Mithracin)
Chronic, painful condition that is caused by excessive, repetitive extension, flexion, pronation and supination motions of the forearm
Epicondylitis
Benign bone growth in an atypical location; usually develops in response to soft tissue trauma
Heterotopic Ossification