Chemical Quantities
What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?
18.02 g/mol
What is the definition of a limiting reactant?
The reactant that is completely consumed first, stopping the reaction.
According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, what happens to the motion of gas particles as temperature increases?
They move faster (kinetic energy increases)
If a chemical reaction feels cold to the touch, is it endothermic or exothermic?
Endothermic
According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is a base?
A proton (H+) acceptor
How many moles are in 88.02 grams of carbon dioxide (CO2)?
2.0 moles
You have 5 hotdog wieners and 4 buns. In this "reaction" to make hotdogs, which item represents the limiting reactant?
The buns
If the volume of a gas is decreased while the temperature remains constant, what happens to the pressure?
It increases
Is the process of liquid water freezing into ice endothermic or exothermic?
Exothermic
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
Strong acids fully dissociate in water; weak acids only partially dissociate.
How many atoms of Iron (Fe) are in 0.50 moles of Iron?
3.011 * 10^23 atoms
In the reaction CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O, what volume of O2 at STP is needed to react completely with 10.0 L of CH4?
20.0 L O₂
What is the standard unit for Temperature that must be used in all gas law calculations?
Kelvin (K)
Which Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred?
The First Law of Thermodynamics
What is the process called when a heavy, unstable nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei, releasing energy?
Nuclear Fission
A compound is found to contain 40.0% Carbon, 6.7% Hydrogen, and 53.3% Oxygen by mass. What is its empirical formula?
CH2O
If a reaction's theoretical yield is 50.0 g, but the experiment only produces 45.0 g, what is the percent yield?
90.0%
A gas has a volume of 2.0 L at 1.0 atm. If the volume is compressed to 1.0 L at a constant temperature, what is the new pressure?
2.0 atm
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 10.0 g of water by 5.0 degree C? (Specific heat of water = 4.18 J/g degree C)
209 J
What is the formula for Sulfuric Acid?
H2SO4
What is the molarity of a solution containing 2.0 moles of NaCl dissolved in 4.0 liters of solution?
0.50 M
Using the equation N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3, how many moles of NH3 are produced from 4.0 moles of N2?
8.0 moles NH3
A gas occupies 1.0 L at 200 K. What will its volume be if the temperature is doubled to 400 K at a constant pressure?
2.0 L
What does "specific heat capacity" measure?
The amount of heat required to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
If Uranium-238 undergoes alpha decay, what happens to its mass number?
It decreases by 4 and becomes 234