Basic Biological Principles
How many characteristics of life are there?
8
Hydrogen and Oxygen
the specific place where an organism lives, providing the food, water, and shelter it needs to survive
Habitat
What are the 4 nucleotides (letters) present in DNA?
(A)denine, (T)hymine, (C)ytosine, and (G)uanine
Name one characteristic of life.
1) Respond to environment
2) Made of cells
3) Have metabolism
4) Maintain homeostasis
5) Can reproduce
6) Can grow & develop
7) Evolve
Amino acid connect to form which type of macromolecule?
Proteins
these organisms occupy the first trophic level because they produce their own food via photosynthesis
Producers
Transcribe this gene into mRNA: ACC GTA
UGG CAU
What organelle holds the DNA of a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus
What is the process that matches this equation? sunlight + H2O + CO2 -> glucose + O2
photosynthesis
This symbiotic relationship occurs when one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.
Commensalism
Where in the cell does transcription take place?
Nucleus
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
A hypothesis is a suggested explanation for an experiment, while theory is supported by substantial amounts of evidence
Which macromolecule serves as a major source of energy for living organisms (e.g., sugars, starches, and cellulose)?
carbohydrates
What is the process that matches this equation? glucose + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP
cellular respiration
the maximum population size of a species that a environment can sustain
Carrying Capacity
Translation is the process of a ribosome turning mRNA into ______.
Amino acids (protein)
What level of organization is missing: Organelle > Cell, Tissue > ____ > Organ System > Organism
Organ
What do the words "hydrophobic" and "hydrophilic" mean?
Hydrophobic = water fearing, hydrophilic = water loving
What molecule acts as "energy" inside our bodies? (Hint: it's 3 letters!)
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
this type of species has a disproportionately large effect on the 'health' of their ecosystem
Keystone Species
What type of mutation changes "ATT" to "ATG"?
Point substitution