Motor Program Theories
Number of moving components in a system
Degrees of freedom
Research technique evaluating participant perception of movement by observing the locations of joints
Point light technique
The time from intention to move to stimulus onset
Foreperiod
Fast thinking that occurs during skilled performance
Automatic processing
Has a capacity of 7±2 items
The central conundrum addressed by motor control theories, and the field of motor control
Degrees of freedom problem
The three input factors, or constraints, in dynamical systems theory
Task, mover, environment
According to Hick's Law, this increases increase logarithmically as the number of stimulus-response choices increases
Reaction time
The attention theory in which mental processing is serial
Filter/bottleneck theory
Knowing how to ride a bike
Procedural memory
This is the difference between a motor program and a generalized motor program
MP: every skill stored separately
GMP: classes of skill stored
The behavioral state of a system under a specific set of conditions
An opportunity for movement within the environment
Affordance
Zone of optimal performance
At least three ways to make movement memorable
ØDefine end-points in the body space. Spatial anchor
ØUse visual imagery & visual aids
ØUse verbal labels
ØMake movement meaningful
ØSimplify instructions
Characteristics that are shared by motor skills that use the same GMP, and at least one example
Invariant features
Ex. relative order of skill components, order of muscle activation
The set of characteristics that define the overall movement
Order parameter
A new movement cannot be executed because a movement is ongoing
Psychological Refractory Period
The primary goal of dual-task procedures in clinical settings
To improve the automaticity of task performance
Activity during the retention interval causes forgetting
Features that are modified between performances of the same skill, and at least one example
Parameters
Ex: Exact muscles used, overall force, duration of muscle activation
A variable that changes or is manipulated within a movement
Control parameter
The three processes that occur during pre-motor time
1.Stimulus identification
2.Response selection
3.Response programming
Three determinants of information processing, according to multiple resource theory
Input modality, stage of information processing, processing code
The four stages of memory and how forgetting might occur at each
Encoding: not processed
Consolidation: bad sleep
Storage: trace decay
Retrieval: interference