Health Measures
A person's BMI is calculated using which two measurements? What are their units?
Height (m) and weight (kg)
A person improves their one-repetition maximum bench press, but shows little change in their ability to do multiple pushups. The improvement is most likely in which area of muscular performance?
Strength
The average VO₂max of a class is 42 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹. The value 42 is this statistical measure.
Mean
Which physiological variable represents the maximum amount of oxygen the body can utilize during exercise?
VO2 Max
This stance involves standing with both feet on the ground and typically provides the greatest stability.
Double-leg stance
What instrument is placed over the brachial artery to listen for blood flow sounds during a manual blood pressure measurement?
Stethoscope
This term describes the activation of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it controls.
Motor unit recruitment
Two classes have the same average exam score, but one class has scores that vary much more. This class has a larger value for which statistic?
Standard deviation
Following exercise, a rapid decrease in heart rate is generally interpreted as an indicator of good performance of which physiological system?
Cardiorespiratory
Standing on which surface is commonly used to make balance tasks more difficult by reducing reliable sensory feedback from the feet and ankles?
Airex pad (foam pad)
This blood pressure value represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and ejects blood.
Systolic blood pressure
This process occurs when the nervous system activates additional motor units to generate greater force.
Motor unit recruitment
A researcher is testing whether caffeine affects reaction time. The results of the t-test show that p = 0.96. What should the researchers do with the null hypothesis?
Fail to reject the null (accept)
The YMCA Bike Test and Step Test are classified as these because participants do not exercise to the point of maximal exertion.
Submaximal exercise tests
Rank the following BESS test positions from largest base of support to smallest: 1. Single-leg stance 2. Double-leg stance 3. Tandem stance
Double-leg stance, Tandem stance, Single-leg stance
In a blood pressure reading of 120/80 mmHg, this value is 80.
Diastolic blood pressure
During a wall sit, the quadriceps generate force while maintaining the same muscle length. Which type of contraction is occurring?
Isometric
A researcher predicts that students who exercise regularly will have lower resting heart rates than students who do not. This prediction is an example of which type of hypothesis?
Alternative
The primary reason heart rate can be used to estimate VO2 during submaximal exercise is that the relationship between the two variables is approximately which type of relationship?
Linear relationship
A clinician asks a patient to stand on a foam pad with their eyes closed. This setup intentionally reduces information from which two sensory systems?
Visual and proprioceptive
Blood pressure is recorded as 135/85 mmHg. The first number reflects arterial pressure during which phase of the heartbeat?
Ventricular contraction (systole)
Which type of muscle contraction allows us to produce the most force?
Eccentric
A study team is comparing the effect of a HIIT exercise program on VO2 max in middle-aged individuals. When comparing VO2 from pre to post-intervention, what type of t-test should be used?
Paired
If workload increases on a cycle ergometer, both heart rate and which variable typically increase proportionally?
VO2 (oxygen consumption)
How does information travel to the CNS and back to the body to help us balance?
Sensory = Afferent pathways
Motor = efferent pathways