Major Operations
End of the Korean War
Korean War on home front
Post War Developments
other
100
Purpose and importance of the Battle of Osan
Importance -1st American battle Purpose- delay advancing North Korean, Winner=North Korea, - Showcased American weakness and lack of preparations, slowed them down a little bit (3 hrs), 1st engagement of the US forces
100
Armistice Agreement
restored the border between the Koreas near the 38th parallel, stop fighting, remained North and South Korea, prisoners of war returned
100
Defense Production Act
Authorized the president to require businesses to sign contracts or fulfill orders deemed necessary for defense
100
kim il sung juche purges personality cult
Purges: North Korean Political officers executed any South Korean intellectuals who had higher education and were could possibly lead southern resistance Juche: Political philosophy invented by Kim Il-Sung; greatly impacted North Korean development; mentality: North Korea didn’t want anything to do with anyone else, self-reliant; created “Hermit Kingdom” aspect. Personality Cult: Society became centered around Kim Il-Sung’s greatness; history books rewritten to reflect his contributions, statues and paintings of him everywhere, etc.
100
Cairo and Potsdam ConferencesEstablishment of two states in Korea:
Cairo and Potsdam Conferences: At Cairo Conference, US suggested a multilateral trusteeship over Korea but was rejected by the Soviets; At Potsdam Conference, allies agreed to divide Korea at the 38th parallel and gave Seoul (the capital) and two major ports to the US and created a buffer to Japan. Establishment of two states in Korea: US and USSR not ready to let exile groups return to complete power so returned to trusteeship idea; Rhee established a provisional government in South Korea; Interim People’s Committee led by Kim II-Sung created first central government in North Korea.
200
Demilitarized Zone
established by the 1953 Armistice Agreement , both N and S.K maintain peace villages within the DMZ
200
state of emergency proclamation act
The communists were seen as threatening the Americans
200
Command Economy: Foreign Policy:
Command Economy: communist economy govt controll all production Foreign Policy: isolated from the rest of the world, true ally is China, Pro us unified Korea
200
Truman Doctrine, loss of china, un sponsored elections
Truman Doctrine: further divided Korea; US gave up trying to work with Soviets in Korea and pushed for UN elections. UN sponsored elections in 1948: Republic of Korea was proclaimed (South Korea) with Syngman Rhee as the president; relatively liberal constitution; goal was to reunify the peninsula and end communist infiltration “Loss of China:” Chinese Communists win the Chinese Civil War in 1949; this was considered the US “Loss of China;” US now saw communist threats everywhere.
300
Purpose and Importance of the Pusan Perimeter Who Won?
Purpose=Defensive stand, UN= last stand, hold the line and push the Koreans back, Korean= push out and destroy, breach perimeter, unify, push back - UN nations win, Decisive Turning Point in the war - Importance= Collapse of the Koreans in the South, breakout moved further North
300
Military Demarcation Line
goes down the exact center of the DMZ and represents the front line when the armistice was signed, monitored by NNS
300
10193 executive order
Reinforces mobilization efforts “Do your part idea”
300
Terrorist Acts:
sent a team to assassinate President Park Chung-hee, planted a bomb in Rangoon, Burma, killing many members of the South Korean cabinet and nearly missing President Chun Doo-hwan, blew up a Korean passenger plane, sold weapons and missile technology to Iran, Libya, and Pakistan
300
Security Council Resolutions 82 and 83: Why President Truman decided to intervene: The Unified Command:
Security Council Resolutions 82 and 83: Resolution 82: UN demand for North Korea to end its invasion of South korea. Resolution 83: breach of peace, ended all invasions and hostilities in South Korea. Why President Truman decided to intervene: ? feared it would cause appeasement and + ww3 The Unified Command: Established by the UN Security Council; Truman appointed General MacArthur as commander of the Unified Command; MacArthur appointed general Walker as commander of all ground forces in Korea; President Rhee placed all forces of the ROK under the Unified Command
400
Purpose and Importance Inchon , Who won?
- UN Victory, recapture of Seoul and largest air field (Kimpo) - US/ UN troops stretched out and realized they needed to cross the 38th parallel
400
joint security area
:consists several buildings with one building straddling the MDL, used for face to face meetings between the N and S
400
red square
fear of communists, screened for communist, federalist party had to pledge allegiance to the U.S. - rude out communist, televised hearings and called in suspected communist
400
Syngman Rhee:
Syngman Rhee: Authoritarian, declared martial law- arrested opponents, was re-elected twice, ended with April Revolution, protests spread, Rhee resigned and fled the country
400
What were the causes of the Korean War? What was the Importance of the Air Campaign? What were some post-war developments in North and South Korea? How was the homefront impacted?
How did major operations affect Korea? Explain the course of the Korean War using major operations/key battles. How did the Korean War end?
500
Chosen Reservoir purpose and importance
Purpose- intervene to protect themselves, push UN troops away from the border, US had Home By Christmas Strategy- wanted to get the Koreans before the Chinese came Chinese victory,Importance China=seen as a great military power, change in the Truman policy ( retreat back to the 38th parallel and protect South Korea) * 1st Battle with the Chinese
500
us combined command
replace unified command stabilize military relations, unified front
500
military training and service act
Lowered the draft age to 18.5 years old and extended active duty service commitments to 24 months- allowed for men attending college full time from military service
500
Second Republic:
Second Republic: New constitution adopted, created parliamentary system of govt. Chang Myon elected Prime Minister, purged the military and govt. officials involved in anti-democratic activities, developed 5 year plan , economy worsened, convinced the state would collapse into communism
500
What were the causes of the Korean War? What was the Importance of the Air Campaign? What were some post-war developments in North and South Korea? How was the homefront impacted? How did major operations affect Korea? Explain the course of the Korean War using major operations/key battles. How did the Korean War end?
M
e
n
u