Figurative Language (terms)
Exaggeration that emphasizes a certain point or creates a strong impression
Hyperbole
The element of fiction that deals with events.
Plot
Alternative interpretations of a text can serve as ________ in an essay.
counterarguments
“Her and Michael sleep on the sofa, both of them fish-thin, slender as two gray sardines, packed just as tight.”
simile
“I don’t like our room a bit. I wanted one downstairs that opened on the piazza and had roses all over the window, and such pretty old-fashioned chintz hangings!”
"The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (Charlotte Perkins Stetson also OK)
The two "levels" of revision a writer can undertake.
Global and local
Establishes a relationship between two ideas or things by equating/replacing one with the other
Metaphor
In contrast to the real world, this is the alternative world in which a piece of fiction takes place.
storyworld
Name the three rhetorical appeals.
ethos, pathos, logos
"My heart is a squirrel caught in a snare."
metaphor
“So I went upstairs. My legs felt like they didn’t have any strength in them. They felt like they did after I’d done some running. In my wife’s room, I looked around. I found some ballpoints in a little basket on her table. And then I tried to think where to look for the kind of paper he was talking about.”
"Cathedral" by Raymond Carver
This revision strategy makes a list of paragraph main ideas in order to get a bird's-eye view of essay organization.
Reverse Outlining
Attributes personal or human characteristics to a nonhuman entity, object, or idea
Personification
A narrator that has unlimited knowledge of the characters, events, etc. in the storyworld is an _________ narrator.
omniscient
Topic sentences that introduce the new information of the topic by first restating what the reader already knows use this strategy.
Old/New Contract
"I gulp against the feeling I want to throw up all the food that I ever ate.”
Hyperbole
Have you ever eaten dog food? I have.
"My Lucy Friend who Smells like Corn" by Sandra Cisneros
This revision strategy, which focuses on eliminating unnecessary prepositions and creating active verbs, is like a "first responder" for local revisions.
The Paramedic Method
When a term for a part is used to refer to the whole.
synecdoche
In fiction, language is ________, meaning that it takes primary importance.
foregrounded
This fourth, lesser known rhetorical appeal is all about the timeliness of the argument. Why make this argument now?
Kairos
“I kneel and lean back on my haunches. The day pulses like a flush vein. Wipe my eyes, smear dirt across my face, and make myself blind.”
Personification
"At the Day’s dawning, the children of the city come forth, most wearing wings made for them by parents and kind old aunties. (Not all aunties are actually aunties, but in ----, anyone can earn auntie-hood. This is a city where numberless aspirations can be fulfilled.) Some wings are organza stitched onto school backpacks; some are quilted cotton stuffed with dried flowers and clipped to jacket shoulders."
"The Ones Who Stay and Fight" by N.K. Jemisin
This revision (and brainstorming) strategy requires visually mapping an argument or concept, connecting like ideas with like ideas.
Concept mapping
Connects/combines elements that appear to be contradictory, but conceals a point or paradox
oxymoron
________ characterization is when the narrator describes a character’s physical, mental, or behavioral characteristics.
direct characterization
The XYZ thesis is shorthand for… (i.e. the 3 words)
Observation, Intervention, Implication
Name two:
“He’s singing to Casper, and there are words in it but I can’t understand them, like language flipped inside out. A skinned animal: an inverted pelt. I can’t help it."
simile, metaphor
"As she dressed for supper on that Saturday evening, her own flesh felt like fever. Her hands trembled among the hooks and eyes, and her eyes had a feverish look, and her hair swirled crisp and crackling under the comb. While she was still dressing the friends called for her and sat while she donned her sheerest underthings and stockings and a new voile dress."
"Dry September" by William Faulkner
A writing process that is no longer linear, but is focused on the circular relationship between prewriting, drafting, and revision is this kind of writing process.
Recursive