Factors affecting labor
Provide 3 signs of false labor
Irregular contractions, no cervical change, activity does not increase contractions, sedation can decrease contractions.
Stage of placental separation and expulsion
4 items to include on an initial maternal assessment
Vital signs, FHT, contractions, vaginal exam, EDB, membrane status
The average heart rate over a period of at least 2 minutes
Baseline
Combination of an opioid and local anesthetic that is injected into the epidural space
Epidural anesthesia
What are the 3 points to assess for contractions?
Frequency, duration, strength
What stage is from complete dilatation to delivery of fetus?
Second stage of labor
Provide 2 methods of assessing contractions
Variability
Side effect of epidural and spinal anesthesia, and how it is prevented/treated
Hypotension- IV fluid bolus
What refers to the relationship of the presenting part of the fetus into the levels of the ischial spines of the mother's pelvis?
Station
What phase of stage 1 is there more effacement of dilation?
Latent
3 items to assess on vaginal exam
Dilatation, effacement, station, membrane status, presenting part.
Deceleration that requires immediate attention, usually a sign of utero-placental insufficiency
Late decelerations
Focused imagery, breathing techniques, hypnosis, aromatherapy, massage, distraction, hot/cold, music, position changes
Provide 4 signs of true labor
Regular contractions, cervical change, sedation does not diminish contractions, increase in intensity and frequency.
Active
What is the maneuver used to determine the fetal presentation upon palpation
Leopold's maneuver
3 interventions for late decelerations
Stop Pitocin, IV fluid, oxygen, change position
What medication is an agonist-antagonist, works to relieve pain, does not cause respiratory depression, and can also be used for itching postpartum?
Nubain
What are the 5 P's of labor?
passenger, passageway, power, position, psych
What stage is from initiation of true labor to complete dilatation?
First stage
Nitrazine paper, ferning
Usually indicates cord compression. Abrupt decrease in fetal heart rate at unpredictable times in relation to a contraction
Variable deceleration
Tinnitus, dizziness, increase in HR, metallic taste are clinical manifestations of what during an epidural placement?
Occurs during test dose, catheter is in spinal space or blood vessel.