TRAIL LEADERS
He led the main body of Latter-day Saint pioneers across the plains to the Salt Lake Valley.
Who was Brigham Young?
Upon first seeing the Salt Lake Valley from Emigration Canyon, Brigham Young declared this famous 5-word phrase.
What is 'This is the right place'?
This lower-cost method of transportation was used by ten pioneer companies between 1856 and 1860.
What are handcarts?
William Clayton penned this famous pioneer anthem in Iowa after receiving news that his son was born safely.
What is 'Come, Come, Ye Saints'?
This military group of about 500 Latter-day Saints completed a grueling 2,000-mile march to California in 1846.
What is the Mormon Battalion?
Widowed in Nauvoo, this courageous woman led her family and cattle safely across the plains in 1848.
Who was Mary Fielding Smith?
This iconic needle-like rock formation in Nebraska signaled to pioneers that the flat plains were behind them.
What is Chimney Rock?
Pioneers formed this circular arrangement at night to secure their livestock and establish a safe encampment.
What is a wagon corral (or tongue-to-tail circle)?
These birds were credited with eating vast swarms of crickets in 1848, saving the pioneers' first major crops.
What are seagulls (California Gulls)?
This African American pioneer was part of the vanguard company and entered the Salt Lake Valley two days before Brigham Young.
Who was Green Flake?
He was the chief of the Timpanogos Utes who maintained complex relationships and fought a war with early settlers.
Who was Chief Wakara (or Walker)?
Known as the 'Great Register of the Desert', thousands of pioneers carved their names into this Wyoming rock.
What is Independence Rock?
These two ill-fated handcart companies were caught in early winter snows in Wyoming in 1856 before being rescued.
Who were the Willie and Martin Handcart Companies?
In February 1846, pioneers leaving Nauvoo were able to cross this massive river because it froze solid into ice.
What is the Mississippi River?
Before fleeing west to Utah, the Saints built and evacuated this thriving city on the Mississippi River in Illinois.
What is Nauvoo?
This prominent Relief Society President and poet was affectionately nicknamed 'Zion's Poetess'.
Who was Eliza R. Snow?
Though over 7,500 feet high, this broad, gentle pass in Wyoming allowed wagons to cross the Continental Divide.
What is South Pass?
This temporary winter settlement in Nebraska served as headquarters in late 1846, where hundreds died of exposure and disease.
What is Winter Quarters?
The vanguard company entered the Salt Lake Valley in July of this year, establishing the historic pioneer arrival.
What is 1847?
Pioneers aimed to reach Independence Rock by this specific holiday in order to stay ahead of winter mountain snows.
What is the 4th of July (Independence Day)?
He led over 200 Latter-day Saints on the ship Brooklyn, sailing around Cape Horn to San Francisco in 1846.
Who was Samuel Brannan?
Pioneers in 1879–1880 blasted a 45-foot slot through solid rock at this site to reach the Colorado River basin.
What is Hole-in-the-Rock?
This Church fund was established in 1849 to help finance travel expenses for over 30,000 poor European converts.
What is the Perpetual Emigrating Fund?
This final steep and rugged canyon served as the last grueling obstacle before entering the Salt Lake Valley.
What is Emigration Canyon?
This pioneer ship traveled over 24,000 miles around South America carrying 238 passengers to California.
What is the Brooklyn?