The Scottsboro Boys
What group was arrested on a train in Alabama (1931), leading to all-white juries convicting all but one?
The Scottsboro Boys
This group of WWI veterans marched on Washington in 1932 demanding early payment of promised bonuses.
Bonus Army
Created by FDR, it aimed to provide relief, recovery, and reform during the Great Depression.
the New Deal
This unofficial group of 45 Black advisers helped FDR gain Black voter support in the 1930s.
the Black Cabinet
The international conflict in which nearly 90 Black Americans fought against Fascists in the 1930s.
the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
The 19-year-old Black laborer whose altercation with white workers triggered the arrest of nine young men in Alabama.
Haywood Patterson
What did the U.S. Army do to disperse the Bonus Army?
The government’s violent response included tear gas and the killing of two veterans.
This 1933 act standardized wages and prices but pushed Black men out of factory work.
National Industrial Recovery Act (NRA)
Florida schoolteacher and activist who founded a girls’ school and later joined the National Youth Administration.
Mary McLeod Bethune
The ideology described by Langston Hughes as a “new name for that kind of terror Blacks have always faced in America.”
Fascism
The legal arm of the Communist Party USA that defended the Scottsboro Boys and advocated interracial organizing.
International Labor Defense
What were the Bonus payments?
(Despite Hoover’s opposition) Congress approved this in 1936 to pay the veterans.
This 1935 legislation established the right for private-sector workers to unionize.
the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
Representative from Illinois who fought to prevent racial discrimination in New Deal employment programs.
Oscar De Priest
This Harlem nurse helped send medical supplies to Ethiopia during Italy’s invasion in 1935.
Salaria Kea
The 1932 Supreme Court case that ruled the Scottsboro Boys had been denied adequate legal counsel.
Powell v. Alabama (1932)
This program employed 10,000 writers and captured thousands of interviews of formerly enslaved people.
the Works Progress Administration’s Federal Writers Project (“Slave Narratives”)