Monomers/Polymers
Monosaccharides; "sugar rings"; main fuel molecules for cellular work; also used in other macromolecules
Monomer (Sugars)
starch and glycogen
Main energy storagers in carbohydrates
Is the polymer lipid hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Mostly hydrophobic (non polar)
means break with water (your body needs water in order to break down chemicals); sucrose + water; disaccharide+water
Hydrolysis
amino groups are found within amino acids, the building blocks of proteins; ----N---H2
Amino
Carboxyl group (-COOH) & hydrocarbon chain; saturated vs unsaturated; Trans-fats
Monomer (Fatty Acid)
Cellulose and chitin
Indigestible in carbohydrates
Polypeptides; carry out almost all dynamic functions; includes enzymes, structural proteins and channels
Polymer Protein
glucose+Fructose; Monosaccharide+Monosaccharide; stabilize with water
Synthesis
groups are found within amino acids; ---C---H3
Methyl
20 amino acids; 9 essential amino acids; polar vs nonpoalr; these are what DNA actually code for
Monomer (Amino Acids)
Is Carbohydrates hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
hydrophilic (polar)
What are the structures of the polymer protein?
primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary
means to break chemical bond/needs water
Sucrose (synthesis)
phosphate groups are found within phospholipids and nucleotides; ----P---O42-
phosphate
phosphate group+ five carbon sugar+nitrogenous base
DNA=A, T, C, G
RNA= A, U, C, G
hydrogen bond "zipper"
ATP (Adenosine Triphospahte)
Monomer (Nucleotide)
three important polysaccharides are ?
1. Starches
2. Glycogen
3. Fiber
removing water to combine them
peptide bond
are polar. they are components of all four types of organic compounds discussed in this chapter. They are involved in dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions. contains ---O--H
Hydroxyl
includes glucose and lactose
Monomers vs dimers
Polysaccharides; energy storage and structural compounds
Polymer Carbohydrates
long term energy storage and membranes; don't follow the mono poly rules as closely as other macromolecules; Fats and oils
Polymer Lipid
DNA/RNA; genetic information; Replication, Transcription, & Translation, the "double helix"
Polymer Nucleic Acid
are found within fatty acids, amino acids, and many other acids. O----C----OH
Carboxyl
glucose + fructose =
glucose + galactose=
glucose + glucose=
- sucrose, lactose, maltose