Equal Groups
Draw or describe 3 equal groups of 4 objects. Write the multiplication equation and the repeated addition that matches.
3 × 4 = 12; 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
Write repeated addition for 4 × 3.
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
Maya has 4 boxes with 3 crayons in each box. How many crayons?
4 × 3 = 12
Fill in the blank: 4 × __ = 12
3
Show an array with 2 rows and 5 columns. Write the multiplication and repeated addition.
2 × 5 = 10; 5 + 5 = 10 or 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10
There are 5 baskets with 2 apples in each basket. How many apples total? Show equal groups and equation.
5 × 2 = 10
Which is another way to write 6 + 6 + 6 using multiplication?
3 × 6 = 18
A farmer plants 5 rows of 4 seeds. How many seeds total? Show equation and repeated addition.
5 × 4 = 20; 4+4+4+4+4 = 20
Find the missing factor: __ × 5 = 25.
5
Draw an array for 3 × 4 and describe rows and columns.
3 rows, 4 columns; total 12
Sam sets 4 plates with 3 cookies on each plate. Show how to use equal groups to find total and write a sentence: “____ groups of ____ equals ____.”
4 groups of 3 equals 12
Explain why repeated addition and multiplication give the same answer for 5 groups of 4.
Multiplication is a shortcut for adding equal groups: 4+4+4+4+4 = 5×4
There are 6 chairs in each row and 3 rows in the classroom. How many chairs? Represent with an array and multiplication.
3 × 6 = 18
Which number makes this true: 6 × __ = 30? Show how equal groups or repeated addition helps
5 because 6+6+6+6+6 = 30
Given an array of 4 rows and 6 columns, what is the product? Show repeated addition by rows.
4 × 6 = 24; 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24
Choose a number sentence with equal groups that equals 18 (use whole numbers and groups between 2–6). Write two different examples.
3 × 6 = 18 and 6 × 3 = 18; or 2 × 9 = 18 but keep groups 2–6 per instruction so 3×6 and 6×3
Write a repeated addition and array for the problem: 3 groups of 7. Then solve.
7 + 7 + 7 = 21; array 3 rows × 7 columns; 3 × 7 = 21
A baker puts 9 muffins on each of 4 trays. How many muffins? Use equal groups and repeated addition.
4 × 9 = 36; 9+9+9+9 = 36
Solve: __ × 4 = 24. Draw an array to support your answer.
6
Use an array to show 12 as a product of two whole numbers (not 1 × 12).
3 × 4 and 4 × 3; also 2 × 6 and 6 × 2
Explain how you can tell from equal groups whether the product will be odd or even. Give one example.
If any group size is even, the product is even; e.g., 4 groups of 3 = 12 (even). If both factors are odd, product can be odd — 3 × 5 = 15.
Given the repeated addition 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8, write multiplication and compute.
6 × 8 = 48
Emma buys 3 packs of stickers. Each pack has 4 stickers. She gives 5 stickers to a friend. How many stickers does she have left?
3×4 = 12; 12 − 5 = 7
Find the missing number: 7 × __ = 42. Explain using arrays or repeated addition.
6 because 7+7+7+7+7+7 = 42
A rectangle is tiled in an array of 7 by 5. Give the product.
7 × 5 = 35