The Integumentary System
This pigment protects the body by absorbing damaging UV rays from the Sun.
What is melanin?
The hard, dense outer layer of bone that gives the skeleton its strength.
What is compact bone?
The only type of muscle tissue that is voluntary and attached to your skeleton.
What is skeletal muscle?
The three main parts of a neuron: the cell body, the dendrites, and this long fiber.
What is an axon?
The scientific name for the "windpipe" that leads down to the lungs.
What is the trachea?
The lower chambers of the heart that are responsible for pumping blood out to the body.
What are the ventricles?
This middle layer of skin contains the "hardware" like sweat glands, nerves, and hair follicles.
What is the dermis?
The flexible, rubbery tissue that prevents bones from grinding against each other at the joints.
What is cartilage?
These tough tissues connect your muscles to your bones.
What are tendons?
The part of the brain responsible for "higher thinking," such as memory, language, and thought.
What is the cerebrum?
These tiny air sacs are only one cell thick to allow oxygen to diffuse into the blood.
What are alveoli?
The microscopic blood vessels where the "hand-off" of nutrients and waste occurs.
What are capillaries?
This thick middle layer of skin contains sweat glands, blood vessels, and nerves.
What is the dermis?
Tough, stringy bands of tissue that connect one bone to another bone.
What are ligaments?
The type of involuntary muscle found in your internal organs, like the stomach and blood vessels.
What is smooth muscle?
The tiny gap between two neurons where messages are sent via chemicals.
What is a synapse?
This flap of tissue acts like a "trapdoor" to keep food from going down the wrong pipe.
What is the epiglottis?
These blood vessels always carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
This type of burn is often the least painful at first because the nerve endings in the skin have been destroyed.
What is a third-degree burn?
This specific part of the bone is where red blood cells are manufactured.
What is red bone marrow?
Because muscles can only pull and never push, they must always work in these.
What are pairs?
This part of the brain controls your "autopilot" functions like breathing and heart rate.
What is the brain stem?
The large muscle at the base of the chest that contracts to pull air into the lungs.
What is the diaphragm?
The type of circulation that sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs to get "refilled."
What is pulmonary circulation?
A burn that damages the epidermis and the dermis, usually resulting in pain and blisters.
What is a second-degree burn?
The type of movable joint found in your shoulder and hip that allows for the greatest range of motion.
What is a ball-and-socket joint?
The process of rapid muscle contractions the body uses to turn chemical energy into thermal energy when you are cold.
What is shivering?
The two structures that make up the Central Nervous System (CNS).
What are the brain and the spinal cord?
The two smaller tubes that branch off the trachea to lead into each lung.
What are the bronchi?
These structures inside the heart and veins act as "one-way doors" to prevent backflow.
What are valves?