Ligaments
ALL is taut with ___, PLL is taut with ____
extension, flexion
What is the action of the lumbar iliocostalis muscle?
Bilateral: extension, unilateral: ipsilateral sideflexion
True or false: Compression and distraction translation occur along a vertical axis
True
How many joints are found at each motion segment in the lumbar spine?
3
What artery or arteries supply the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord?
anterior spinal artery
This ligament is weak and thin in lumbar region; intimately associated with annulus fibrosus
PLL
What are the muscles of the inner unit?
Diaphragm, pelvic floor, transverse abdominis, multifidus
Explain what happens with the superior and inferior articular processes during flexion
IAP of the superior vertebrae glides superiorly on SAP of the inferior vertebrae
Vertebral end plates are strongly tethered to the ____ of the disc.
Annulus fibrosus
What artery or arteries supply the posterior 1/3 of the spinal cord?
posterior spinal arteries (2)
Ligamentum Flava runs between
Lamina
Where does iliopsoas insert?
Lesser trochanter of the femur
From greatest to least, what motions are available in the lumbar spine
Flexion/extension, lateral flexion, rotation
What is the most common direction of lumbar disc herniation?
Posterolateral
What two structures reinforce the lumbar spine facet joint capsule?
anteriorly, ligamentum falvum
posteriorly, multifidus
Intertransverse limits ____, interspinous limits ____, supraspinous limits ____
lateral flexion, flexion, flexion
Where does multifidus originate from on the superior articular process?
Mammillary process
Describe the facet movement that occurs with L side flexion
The ipsilateral facet will close, and the contralateral facet will open
What is the innervation of the zygapophyseal joints?
Dorsal rami
True or false: with normal aging there is a loss of vertical trabeculae
False. With aging there is a loss of horizontal trabeculae with increased number of vertical beams
What is the closed pack position of the lumbar spine?
Extension
What are the components of the Posterior Oblique Sling?
Latissimus dorsi, thoracolumbar fascia, glute max
True or false: With R rotation there is impaction of the R facet joint and gapping of the L facet joint
False. With rotation there is ipsilateral gapping and contralateral compression (impaction).
What is a fracture involving the pars interarticularis?
Spondylolysis
What is a herniation of the nucleus pulposus through the cartilaginous and bony endplate into the adjacent vertebra called?
Schmorl's node