Peoples of Mesoamerica and South America
1) Road network system 2) Suspension bridges 3) Mining gold and silver 4) Quechua standard language
What geographic and climate features were in the Southwest?
Desert, dry, hot
Modern-day Arizona, New Mexico, parts of California, Colorado, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, and Utah
Name four crops that Native tribes in Mesoamerica and South America relied on.
Maize, beans, squash, and potatoes
What religion did the Safavid Empire practice? (Must be specific!)
Shi'ism
Who founded the Safavid Empire?
Name two reasons for WHY the Olmec were well known.
They were known for their stone sculptures
Made first writing system in the Americas
First complex civilization in the Americas
What is a potlatch?
A ceremony, dance, feast meant to honor a specific person or group. Used for alliances, trade, celebrations.
What evidence do historians point to as a PROOF that mound building cultures developed a trade network?
Artifacts from different regions (Rocky Mountains, Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Ocean and Hopewll artifacts found in those locations) and LOCATION: next to Mississippi River.
Name TWO similarities and TWO differences between Hinduism and Sikhism
Similarities: Both believe in karma and reincarnation
Differences: Sikhs are monotheistic and follow a guru and five vices, Hindus are polytheistic and follow caste system
Who led the Ottomans to conquer Constantinople? and what was the name of the city AFTER?
Name ALL the reasons WHY the Aztec Empire fell
1) Diseases like small pox 2)Spanish conquistador: Hernan Cortes 3) Kidnapped and killed king 4) Spanish had horses and guns
Describe the types of homes that people in the American southwest built.
Pit homes with adobe clay roofs
Pueblo apartments into the cliffside
What is wampum?
A bead made out of shells that was used as jewelry and a type of currency by Native American tribes in Northeast America.
What was the legacy of the Sikh Empire? Don't just repeat Sikh values.
Ranjit Singh established the Sikh Empire and built the Golden Temple (gurdwara). Ranjit Singh was a strong ruler, and the Sikh Empire thrived for many years.
How did geography contribute to the RISE of the Ottoman Empire?
Ottoman capital of Istanbul was in the middle of Asia and Europe. All merchants traveling through had to pay taxes making the empire rich. The empire became the center of trading with Asia and Europe.
Name ALL the reasons WHY the Inca Empire fell
1) Civil war weakens empire and army 2) Disease like Smallpox 3) Francisco Pizarro leads Spanish 4) Spanish had horses and guns
Name THREE ways Artic peoples adapt to their environment?
1) Building igloos 2) Hide tents 3) Reliance on marine animals for fishing 4) Dogs for hunting/sledding
Name ONE similarity and ONE difference between Inca and Aztec religious practices
Similarity: both believed in gods inspired by nature (ex. sun and rain gods)
Difference: Incans rarely sacrified humans, mostly sacrificed llamas, cloth, food while Aztecs relied on human/blood sacrifice.
How did religous tolerance lead to the growth of Mughal Empire and how did religious intolerance lead to the fall?
Bonus points +1 for naming BOTH leaders for growth and fall
Growth: Under Akbar, there was religious freedom and tolerance. Religious freedom strengthens empire and invites different religious groups into power. Fall: Under Aurangzeb, religious intolerance led to persecution of Hindus, Hindus revolt, internal rebellion weakens Mughal Empire for the British to take over
Name THREE things that led to the economic success of Safavid Persia.
1) Handwoven carpets and rugs (Safavid textiles)
2) Road system which encouraged trade
3) Ceramic and steel goods
4) Location: Central Asia which meant any trade from the East to the West passed through
Name at least THREE theories regarding the Fall of Maya.
1) Total warfare might have destroyed Maya civilization 2) Drought 3) Maya kings might have forced subjects to do too many things >> internal rebellion 4) not enough food
Explain what the Iroquois Confederacy was.
An alliance of five tribes. Together, the five peoples of the Iroquois Confederacy waged war against and made peace with non-Iroquois peoples. Combining their strength made the Iroquois one of the most powerful Native American peoples in North America.
They had a chief and a council of sometimes up to 50 people. Pro: More opinions are heard, no dictatorship (chief doesn't have final say) Con: Might take a long time, not everyone in tribe gets a say
In what ways was the Ottoman Empire tolerant and in what was was it not?
Tolerant: Allowed religious freedom and own laws
Intolerant: Non-Muslims not allowed to enter politics, treated as second class citizen, taxed, sons kidnapped into janissary army
Provide ONE example for how politics and ONE example for how economics contributed to the RISE of the Mughal Empire.
Politics: Akbar's religious tolerance strengthened people's trust and satisfaction in the empire. Unifies
Economics: Mughal Empire was located on trade routes (including Silk Road!) More taxes + trade lead to Wealthy empire