2.2-2.3
Who discovered DNA and with what animal?
Frederick Griffith, Mice
What are the 3 types of RNA
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
What are transcription factors?
DNA binding proteins that bind to promoter to stimulate transcription
What are agents that cause mutations called?
Mutagens
What is the process of turning genes on and off
Cytosine and Thymine
What happens in the elongation phase of transcription?
Name one of the two sequences found in the promoter region.
TATA box and CAAT box
What is a nonsense mutation?
AA sequence gets cut short by a “stop” codon
What does lacA create?
What disease was contracted to see results in the experiment discovering DNA?
Pneumonia
What cuts out introns?
Spliceosome
What is bacterial gene expression regulated through?
What is the official term for genes passed on to offspring through gametes?
Inherited
What is the universal start codon?
AUG
Which enzyme starts DNA replication
DNA Helices
What are the 3 letters that represent the 3 sites in the ribosome?
E, P, and A
Lactase breaks lactose down into what two things?
Glucose and galactose
What is the protein that causes sickle cell anemia when produced abnormally?
Hemoglobin
What is the initial mRNA strand called?
pre-mRNA
What is the function of topoisomerase in DNA Replication
Make temporary cuts to allow for easier resealing and repair of DNA backbone.
What is added at the end of mRNA processing?
5' G cap and poly A-tail
What does lacY create?
Permease
What are the proteins that DNA is tightly wound around?
Histones
Which strand uses Okazaki fragments during DNA replication?
Lagging strand