Carbohydrates
What is the structure/shape of a carbohydrate?
Hexagon
What is the monomer of a Protein?
Amino Acid
What elements are in Lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What are the polymers of Nucleic Acids?
DNA and RNA
What element is found in every organic molecule?
Carbon
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharides
What is the bond that holds amino acids together?
Peptide Bond
What is the monomer of a Lipid?
What elements are found in Nucleic acids?
What are the DNA/RNA nucleotide bases?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine (DNA), and Uracil (RNA)
What are the two main functions of carbohydrates?
Energy and Structure
What are the types of proteins? (hint: there are 5)
Structural, Storage, Transport, Defense, and Enzymes
What are the four types of Lipids?
Triglycerides, Waxes/Oils, Phospholipids, and Steroids
What are the main components of a nucleotide?
Phosphate Group, 5 Carbon Sugar, and Nitrogenous Base
What do phospholipids create?
Phospholipid Bilayer
What is the ratio of carbohydrates and their molecules?
1:2:1 ratio with Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What determines the function of a protein?
Structure
What is the structure of unsaturated and saturated fats and where is it found?
Saturated: Filled with Hydrogen and found in animal fats (unhealthy)
Unsaturated: Double bonds and found in plant fats (healthy)
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Maltose, Lactose, and Sucrose
Name all of the polysaccharides and their functions
Chitin (exoskeleton/structural support), Starch (long-term energy), Cellulose (structure in plants), and Glycogen (storage)
What are the four structures of Proteins? And what are their shapes/forms?
Primary (chain of amino acids), Secondary (twist or a helix), Tertiary (a fold and coil onto itself), and Quaternary (more than one amino acid chain)
Which part of a phospholipid is non-polar?
The fatty acid tail (phosphate head is polar)
What are bonds used in nucleotides?
Covalent Bonds
How do you form a triglyceride?
Dehydration Synthesis