Magnetic Forces
What is the term used to describe the push or pull exerted by a magnet?
magnetic force
What is a magnetic domain?
a region in a material where the magnetic fields of atoms are aligned
What type of materials are attracted to magnets?
magnetic materials
Where is the force of a magnet the strongest?
near the poles
Mechanical energy is the sum of...
How does the distance between two magnets affect their magnetic force?
the magnetic force decreases as the distance increases
How does the alignment of magnetic domains affect a material's magnetism?
aligned domains create a stronger magnetic field
What are examples of nonmagnetic materials?
wood, plastic, and glass
What is the law of conservation of energy in relation to magnetic fields?
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed
Law of conservation of energy states that...
although energy can transfer, it can not be created or destroyed
What happens to the magnetic force when two like poles are brought together?
they repel each other
In which type of material are magnetic domains usually found?
ferromagnetic materials
What distinguishes a temporary magnet from a permanent magnet?
a temporary magnet loses its magnetism quickly when the external field is removed
How is magnetic potential energy related to the position of magnets?
is it increases when magnets are closer together or aligned
If a pendulum is at a position above it's resting height, what form of energy does it have?
gravitational potential energy
When a magnet is broken in half, what happens to the magnetic poles?
each half becomes a new magnet with its own north and south poles
What happens to the magnetic domains in a material when it is heated?
they can become unorganized, reducing magnetism
Name one use for permanent magnets in everyday life.
refrigerator doors or speakers
If the south poles of a magnet are pushed together, describe when the potential energy and kinetic energy are at their highest.
The potential energy is at it's highest when the magnets are touching. The kinetic energy is at it's highest when you release the magnets and they repel each other.
If a pendulum is at a position above it's resting height, then is let go, what energy transformations will it go through?
gravitational potential energy--> kinetic energy (I would also accept if you added thermal energy to the list)
Name one factor that can affect the strength of a magnetic force.
the material of the magnet or the distance between the magnets
Describe how external magnetic fields can influence magnetic domains.
they can cause the domains to align, increasing the material's magnetism
Explain the concept of magnetic migration.
the movement of species due to the external magnetic field
If the the north and south poles of a magnet are facing towards each other, describe when the potential energy and kinetic energy are at their highest.
The potential energy is at it's highest when the magnets are farther apart and the kinetic energy is the highest when the magnets are in motion toward each other.
A person is riding a bicycle. The person pushes on the brakes to make the bicycle come to a stop. Compare the kinetic (mechanical) energy of the bicycle and the thermal energy produced before the brakes are applied and after the brakes are applied and the bicycle has stopped.
All of the energy is kinetic before the brakes are applied. After the brakes have been applied, kinetic energy is zero and all the energy is in the form of thermal energy.