rocks
marine geography
marine sediment
miscellaneous
100
T or F
Sediments and sedimentary rock are the same.
False!
100
The ocean expedition that first discovered Marianas trench.
What was the HMS Challenger Expedition?
100
Term to describe using marine sediments to reconstruct past ocean conditions
What is paleoceanography?
100
How do satellites aid in bathymetry?
• measure gravitational differences
• Detect small variations in sea-surface height
• These reflect gravitational differences caused by
seafloor features
• Oceanic trenches (MORs) have lower (higher)
gravitation attraction
• Provides broad-scale maps of ocean-basin
topography
• Accuracy of 4 cm
200
Rocks that form from lava that cools rapidly on Earth's surface, resulting in fine-grained, glassy, or vesicular textures
What are extrusive rocks?
200
Technology that maps the seafloor terrain, oceans, lakes, and rivers.
What is bathymetry?
200
The idea that as layers accumulate, older layers are generally below younger layers, is known as what?
What is the Law of superposition?
200
• Extend from base of continental rise into the deep-ocean basins
• Flattest features on Earth, 4.5 to 6 km in depth—but not deepest!
• Thick sediment accumulations bury irregular oceanic crust, creating a very flat surface
• Fine sediments (less energy)
What are abyssal plains?
300
silt stone is an example of what type of rock?
lithogeneous sedimentary rock
300
Generally flat zone from shoreline out into ocean before shelf break
What is the continental shelf?
300
Sediment derived from the hard parts of once living organisms.
What is Biogenous Sediment?
300
Explain the difference between decompression and flux melting.
Decompression Melting = pressure is quickly reduced which results in melting
Flux melting = The presence of gas, often water vapor, lowers the melting point of rocks
400
Bowens reaction series, the sequence in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma, determining igneous rock composition and mineral stability.
400
Continental marines with a Continental Shelf, Continental Slope, Continental Rise, and Abyssal Plain.
What are passive continental margins?
400
• Dense, sediment-laden water flows downslope under gravity
• Often travels through submarine canyons
• Moves sediment from the continental margin into the deep ocean
• Flow is perpendicular to the bathymetric lines
What are turbidity currents?
400
What kind of rock makes up the mantle?
Peridotite.
500
Draw the rock cycle! yayyyy you got it
show pic
500
Created by the return of hot seawater that has circulated through the shallow subsurface, in response to localized geothermal heating, and has emerged onto the seafloor.
What are hydrothermal vents?
500
• flow parallel to the bathymetric lines, typically on the continental slope
• Rework existing sediment: selectively entrain smaller particles in current flow
• Sediment deposit is called a contourite
What is a contour current?
500
Do turbidity currents flow parallel or perpendicular to bathymetric lines?
Flow perpendicular!