Particle Model of Matter
Name the three states of matter.
Solids, liquids, and gases.
How can you measure the mass of solids and liquids?
By using a scale. (balance or digital)
What SI units are used to measure Mass?
grams (g) and kilograms (kg)
What is the definition of mass?
Mass is the amount of matter in a solid, liquid, or gas.
Give an example of a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
Answers will vary.
In what state of matter are the particles packed closely together and vibrating in place?
Solids
What does a graduated cylinder measure?
The volume of liquids.
Millilitres (mL) and Litres (L)
What is the definition of volume?
Volume is the amount of space a solid, liquid, or gas takes up.
Using your bodies, demonstrate the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid.
Standing very close together, vibrating in place.
Describe how the particles are arranged and how they move in a liquid.
Particles in a liquid are close together, but not packed tightly. They have space to slide past one another.
I put a cork in a container of water, and it floated on the surface. Using what you know about the physical properties of matter, explain why this happened.
The cork floated on the water's surface because it is less dense than water. Or you could say that the cork has a lower density than water.
What SI unit would you use to measure the mass of a pencil?
grams (g)
What is the definition of Matter?
If solids are not compressible, why can you compress a squishy toy?
You can compress a squishy toy because there is air inside of a squishy. When you squish it, you're actually compressing the air inside, not the solid parts.
Describe how the particles are arranged and how they move in a gas.
The particles in a gas are far apart from each other and move freely.
Explain how to measure the volume of a solid using the water displacement method. Explain the reasoning behind it.
Using the water displacement method:
1. Record the initial volume of water in a graduated cylinder or other measuring cup.
2. Place the solid in the graduated cylinder.
3. Record the new volume of the Liquid.
4. The change in water level equals the volume of the solid.
(The solid is taking up that much space, so the water has to move)
What SI unit would you use to measure the volume of a pitcher of lemonade?
Litres (L)
What is the definition of compressibility?
Compressibility is how easily a solid, liquid, or gas can be squished.
Using what you know about the particle model of matter, explain why liquids take the shape of their container.
Liquids take the shape of their container because their particles can slide past each other.
Fill in the blanks: The particle model of matter states that all matter is made up of tiny ___________, that are constantly ________________.
particles, moving
Explain how you might compare the density of 3 different liquids. Explain the reasoning behind it.
1. Pour each liquid into a container, one at a time.
2. The liquids with the highest density will sink to the bottom.
3. The liquids with the lowest density will float on top.
This happens because liquids with higher density have more matter (stuff) packed into them, so they sink to the bottom. Liquids with lower density have less matter (stuff) in them, leaving more space between particles and allowing them to float on top.
Which SI unit would you use to measure a human's mass?
kilogram (kg)
What is the definition of density?
Density is how much matter is in a solid, liquid, or gas.
Why might a large piece of wood float while a much smaller rock sinks in water?
The wood is less dense than water, while the rock is denser than water.