Atomic Theory
Created the first fully scientific theory of the atom
John Dalton
Center of an atom where the protons and neutrons reside
Nucleus
What does the phrase "atomic model" even refer to?
What the structure of the atom looks like and how that causes it to interact with other atoms
In a neutral atom, these two will be the same amount
protons and electrons
What 3 three things form the basic ingredients of the universe?
Matter, Energy, and Intelligence
Theorized the existence of atoms during Biblical times
Democritus
The majority of the atom is filled with
Empty space
Describe the plum pudding model AND what did it add that's still maintained in the current model?
A cloud of positive charge shot through with negative particles
A charged atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons
Ion
Define matter
Matter is substance that has mass and takes up space (has volume)
Discovered negative particles in an atom by creating beams of electrons in glass tubes
J.J. Thomson
Weighs 1/2000th of a proton
Electron
Describe the Rutherford model AND what he added to the plum pudding model?
There are particles of positive charge and they are in the center, not spread out
The chemical identity of the atom is determined by this
number of protons
Define energy
Discovered the positive charge is a particle in the center of the atom
Ernest Rutherford
One of the particles in the nucleus with slightly more mass than the other one
Nuetron
Describe the Bohr model AND what it added to the Rutherford model
Electrons orbit the nucleus and the energy of the electron determines its orbit
How can the atomic number and average atomic mass be used? (I need two separate answers)
Atomic number = # of protons
Atomic mass - atomic number = # of neutrons
Define intelligence from the perspective of the 3 basic ingredients of the universe
Intelligence is the wisdom from God or his creature that makes things work in an orderly or beautiful way
Determined there is a neutral particle in the nucleus that makes up roughly half the atomic mass
James Chadwick
Even smaller particles that protons and neutrons are made up of
Quarks
What has the quantum model added to the Bohr model?
Electrons reside in probability clouds called orbitals of various shapes nested around the nucleus rather than orbiting like planets orbit the sun
A variation of a single element that weighs slightly more or less AND why it weighs more or less
Isotope; different numbers of neutrons
Give an example of intelligence in the Universe
The class will decide if it is a correct answer