Matter
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass.
Which state change describes a solid changing directly into a vapor, skipping the liquid state?
sublimation
What is a force?
push or pull
What is energy?
The ability to do work.
What are the three main subatomic particles?
protons, neutrons, electrons
What is an operational definition?
A definition that states the tests something must pass to meet the definition.
Which state of matter has a fixed shape and fixed volume?
solid
How do forces act?
in pairs
What is work?
A force acting on an object as it moves through a distance.
Where are protons and neutrons located?
In the nucleus of the atom.
What are the two main categories of matter based on composition?
Pure substances and mixtures.
Which state has a constant volume but not a constant shape?
liquid
what are the four contact forces?
tension, compression, shear, and friction
What is kinetic energy dependent on?
mass & speed
What charge does each particle have: proton, neutron, electron?
Proton: positive; neutron: neutral; electron: negative.
A physical combination of two or more substances is what thing?
mixture
This state change turns a solid into a liquid.
melting
These type of forces between objects are separated by a distance.
field forces
What is potential energy dependent on?
mass & distance
What determines an element's identity?
The number of protons in its nucleus.
Name three ways matter can be measured.
mass, weight, & volume
What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?
Boiling is fast vaporization; evaporation is slower vaporization below the boiling point.
Name the three field forces listed in the notes.
magnetic, electric, & gravity
State the conservation of energy principle from the notes.
Energy is never lost; it can be converted from one form to another.
A pure substance in which atoms of different elements are bonded together in the same proportions is called this
compound