Classifying Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is matter?
A mixture that is uniform throughout.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
The state with a definite shape and definite volume
What is a solid?
Properties you can observe without changing the substance's composition
What are physical properties?
The starting substances in a reaction
What are reactants?
g/mL or g/cm3
What is the unit for density?
Any part or layer of a sample with uniform composition.
What is a phase?
The state that keeps a constant volume but keeps the shape of its container.
What is a liquid?
A property that depends on the amount of substance
What is an extensive property?
A substance added to speed up a reaction
What is a catalyst?
True or False: A compound is a pure substance.
True. It has a fixed, uniform composition.
How many phases are in oil and water?
The state with the highest kinetic energy.
What is a gas?
Is density intensive or extensive?
Intensive
A solid product formed in a reaction
What is a precipitate?
Difference between a pure substance and a mixture.
A pure substance is made up of one element or compound. A mixture is two or more substances NOT chemically bonded.
Classify air, trail mix, and soda as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Homogeneous = air and soda
Heterogeneous = trail mix
Describe how the particles move in a solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid = vibrate in place
Liquid = slide past each other
Gas = move rapidly and far apart
Classify flammability, mass, and boiling point as chemical/physical and intensive/extensive.
Flammability = chemical, so no intensive/extensive
Mass: physical extensive
Boiling point: physical intensive
Classify ice melting, wood burning, and glass shattering as either chemical or physical change.
Physical: ice melting and glass shattering
Chemical: wood burning
Classify gold, table salt, and saltwater.
Gold = element
Table salt = compound
Saltwater = mixture
Why is saltwater a mixture and not a compound?
Salt and water are not chemically bonded. Each keeps its own properties, and can be separated by evaporation.
A gas is moved from a small container to a larger one. What happens to its shape and volume?
It takes the new container's shape and expands to fill its entire volume.
You have a large and a small piece of the same iron metal. Name one property that’s different and one that’s the same.
Different: mass or volume
Same: density or melting point
Name three signs that a chemical reaction occurred
Color change
Gas produced
Precipitate forms
Light or energy released