Endocrinology
Endocrine Society recommends these two screening labs in individuals with hypertension
What is renin and aldosterone?
COPD classification defined as mMRC >2, CAT >10, and 0-1 exacerbations
What is Group B?
These two atypical organisms are highly prevalent causes of community-acquired pneumonia
What are Mycoplasma and Legionella?
This type of kidney injury is defined as reduced effective renal perfusion, with kidney parenchyma initially intact
What is prerenal?
The WATERFALL trial recommends moderate IV fluid resuscitation of LR at this rate for acute pancreatitis
What is 1.5mL/kg/hr?
One of the quantitative cutoffs (either beta-hydroxybutyrate or urine ketones) used in the diagnosis of DKA
What is beta-hydroxybutyrate 3.0mmol/L?
OR
What is urine ketone strip 2+ or greater?
This histopathological progression of lobar pneumonia occurs when alveolar spaces fill with neutrophils, RBCs, and fibrin, giving the lung a firm, liver-like appearance.
What is Red Hepatization?
This organism is the most common cause of purulent skin and soft tissue infections
What is Staphylococcus aureus?
(Will also accept MSSA or MRSA)
This medical calculator is useful to differentiate type of kidney injury when diuretics increase urine sodium
What is FeUrea?
This procedure is indicated within 24 hours if cholangitis is present in the setting of acute biliary pancreatitis
What is ERCP?
In the management of DKA, insulin is initially held and K+ is first repleted if K+ is below this level
What is <3.3 mEq/L?
This is indicated if patient is exhibiting increased work of breathing, rapid shallow breathing, hypercapnia and decreased oxygenation (although is not appropriate for isolated hypoxia)
What is NIPPV?
(Will also accept BiPAP)
The triad of tenosynovitis, dermatitis, and polyarthralgia is a manifestation of this STI
What is Gonorrhea?
This KDIGO stage is defined as Cr 2.0-2.9x baseline with urine output <0.5mL/kg/hr >12 hours
What is Stage 2?
A patient with cirrhosis is started on this medication with a 50mcg bolus, then gtt run at 50mL/hr if there is a concern for GI bleed
What is octreotide?
The calculated effective serum osmolality value that is diagnostic of HHS
What is >300mOsm/kg?
Blunted central respiratory drive, hypercapnia/hypoxia, and leptin resistance/sleep disordered breathing is characteristic of this condition affecting central respiratory drive
What is Obesity hyperventilation syndrome?
(Will also accept OHS)
This score is used to screen for necrotizing soft tissue infections (although a low score does not replace clinical judgement or delay surgery)
What is the LRINEC score?
Granular casts, 'muddy brown' casts, and renal tubular epithelial cells are characteristic of this type of kidney injury
What is ATN?
(Will also accept ATI)
These two tests are used in the evaluation of esophageal motility
What is a 2-phase video esophagram and esophageal manometry ?
Treatment of choice for an aldosterone-producing adenoma
What is Surgery?
(Will also accept adrenalectomy)
This type of respiratory failure is characterized by high carbon dioxide, poor ventilation, excess carbon dioxide production, increased dead space, and neuromuscular weakness
What is Type 2 respiratory failure?
(Will also accept hypercapnia respiratory failure)
This is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with HIV and a CD4 cell count of <50 cells/microL
What is Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)?
This condition is characterized by AKI + thrombocytopenia + hemolysis (schistocytes, increased LDH, and decreased haptoglobin) and requires urgent evaluation
What is Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)?
Mucosal breaks that are continuous between the tops of mucosal folds but not circumferential define this grade of Los Angeles Classification esophagitis
What is Grade C?