Government
A mounted warrior who provided military service.
knight
A person who bought and sold goods.
Merchant
The English king whose military failures, financial demands, and use of power angered the barons.
King John
The leader of the Roman Catholic Church.
Pope
A disease that killed many people in Europe
The Black Death
A person who granted land or rights to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty.
lord
An organization of merchants or craftspeople that regulated a trade.
guild
A charter agreed to in 1215 that placed written limits on royal authority.
Magna Carta
Religious leaders, such as priests and bishops.
Clergy
animal that carried the Black Death and transferred it to humans
rats
Land or income granted to a vassal.
fief
A beginner who learned a trade from a skilled worker.
apprentice
a series of military expeditions to take the Holy Land from the Muslims.
The Crusades
A religious community where monks lived, worshipped, and worked.
monastery
Asia
A person legally tied to the land who owed labor or payments to a lord.
peasant
Childhood was hard. Adulthood began at what age?
7
a group of courts established by the Roman Catholic Church to find, investigate, and punish people accused of heresy
Inquisition
Exclusion from the Church’s sacraments and religious community.
Excommunication
what did doctors think caused the plague?
water vapor and/or God's punishment
A system of relationships in which landholding, loyalty, and military service connected rulers and nobles.
feudalism
2 methods of deciding guilt or innocence
trial by ordeal and trial by combat
To exclude a person from church membership
excommunicate
a place where members of a religious order practice a life of prayer and worship
monastery
What were some things people did "to get rid" of the plague?
flagellation and/or bloodletting