Church Doctrine
Catholic doctrine that states the wine and bread become the body and blood of Christ in the hands of the priest
What is transubstantiation?
Most powerful weapon the pope had to get a monarch to submit to his authority
What is excommunication?
Called for the First Crusade in 1095?
Who is Pope Urban II?
laid the foundation for a unified England
Who is Alfred the Great?
English legislative body established by Edward I
What is Parliament?
made the Catholic religion become a matter of works rather than faith
What is the sacramental system?
The prohibition of the sacraments being administered in a specific area (exception baptism and Last Rites)
What is interdict?
The most successful crusade
What is the First Crusade?
Clashed with Pope Innocent III over who would be the archbishop of Canterbury
Who is King John?
Henry II's uniform laws for all of England
What is common law?
The preeminent patriarchate
What is Rome?
a special church court commissioned by the pope to stamp out heresy
What is the Inquisition?
City captured at the end of the Fourth Crusade
What is Constantinople?
strengthened his royal authority in England by expanding the jurisdiction of the royal courts
Who is Henry II?
Established the principle that the English king's power is limited
What is the Magna Carta?
The infallible leader of the Catholic church
Who is the pope?
The most powerful of Medieval popes
Who is Innocent III?
King to spend most of his 10-year reign fighting in the crusades
Who is Richard I of England (the Lion-hearted)?
Had an extensive survey completed to assess England's taxable resources
Who is William the Conqueror (of Normandy)?
Form of government that prevailed in western Europe from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries
What is feudalism?
sacrament which brings one into full fellowship with the church and confers upon him the Holy Spirit
What is confirmation?
created so that churchmen rather than Roman nobles or German kings could choose the pope
What is the College of Cardinals?
Crusade centered on more economic than religious issues
What is the Fourth Crusade?
subdued the Welsh and made his son Prince of Wales
Who is Edward I?
France's legislative body that advised the monarch
What is the Estates-General?