post op nursing
A client arrives in PACU after general anesthesia. Which assessment is the nurse's priority?
Airway patency and ability to protect the airway
A patient loses a significant amount of circulating volume. Which compensatory change should the nurse expect first?
Increased heart rate.
Before starting packed RBCs, which IV solution should you provide first
Normal saline.
Which neurotransmitter is decreased in Parkinson's disease
dopamine
Which finding is most characteristic of osteoarthritis?
Gradual joint pain and stiffness that is relieved by rest
A postoperative client has RR 8/min, shallow respirations, and increasing somnolence. What complication is most concerning?
Hypoventilation with possible hypercapnia.
Which assessment finding most strongly suggests worsening tissue perfusion?
Cool, clammy skin with confusion and decreased urine output
How long should the nurse remain with the patient after starting a blood transfusion according to the notes?
first 15 minutes
A patient with Parkinson's has difficulty initiating movement and slow voluntary movements. Which term applies?
bradykinesia
Which teaching is appropriate for osteoporosis prevention?
Adequate calcium/vitamin D, regular exercise, and weight training.
The nurse is preparing a patient for surgery. Which action is outside the nurse's role?
Obtaining the patient's informed consent for the procedure.
Why does lactic acid rise during worsening shock?
Poorly perfused cells switch to anaerobic metabolism.
A patient develops fever, chills, low back pain, nausea, and dyspnea during a transfusion. What reaction is most concerning?
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Which medication combination is listed as a major pharmacologic treatment for Parkinson's disease?
levodopa and carbidopa
A patient is prescribed a bisphosphonate. Which instruction is specifically emphasized?
Take it first thing in the morning on an empty stomach and remain upright for 30 minutes.
A PACU patient is awake and participating in recovery. Which nursing focus is most appropriate?
Pain management, vital-sign/LOC monitoring, mobility, and recovery education.
A shock patient has pH below 7.35 and rising lactate. What acid-base problem should the nurse recognize?
Metabolic acidosis related to poor perfusion.
A patient develops acute shortness of breath, hypoxia, hypotension, and pulmonary edema within 6 hours of transfusion. Which blood transfusion reaction is occuring?
TRALI
A patient taking antiparkinsonian medication develops hallucinations, hypotension, and dyskinesia. What should the nurse prioritize?
Assess for medication adverse effects and report concerning changes
A patient has localized bone pain, edema, erythema, and fever. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
Osteomyelitis
A patient is progressing after surgery but has not returned to baseline function by POD 4.Why might this patients recovery differ from others
Recovery is not linear
A patient with hypovolemic shock has falling urine output and rising BUN/creatinine. What does this suggest?
Kidney hypoperfusion/injury from inadequate circulation.
A patient with increased circulatory volume receives blood too quickly and develops dyspnea and hypertension. Which complication
should the nurse suspect
TACO- transfusion associated circulatory overload
Which intervention best supports safety and independence for a patient with progressive Parkinson's disease?
Fall-risk assessment, walking techniques, assistive devices, ROM/exercise, and encouragement of self-care.
Which diagnostic combination is associated with osteomyelitis?
X-ray/MRI plus CBC and wound/blood cultures.