Basic Meiosis Terms
This term refers to the process by which a single cell divides to form four unique daughter cells.
meiosis
This is the phase of meiosis where chromosome (DNA) duplicate, the cell grows and prepare for division.
Interphase
Common term for a female gamete
egg
The stage following meiosis (and mitosis) where the division of the cytoplasm occurs.
Cytokinesis
This is the type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.
Mitosis
The name for the two divisions that occur during meiosis.
Meiosis I and Meiosis II
In this phase of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate.
Anaphase I
If human skin cell has 46 chromosomes, a human gamete (sperm cell and egg cell) produced by meiosis will have this many.
23 chromosomes
The stage during meiosis where the sister chromatids move to the opposite poles
Anaphase II
This is the type of cell division that results in 4 daughter cells.
Meiosis
The type of cells produced by meiosis.
Gametes (sperm and egg cells)
This phase marks the end of meiosis I, where two daughter cells are formed.
Telophase I
This single, fertilized cell is formed when a sperm successfully joins with an egg.
Zygote
During Anaphase II, these identical halves of a duplicated chromosomes are finally pulled apart.
Sister chromatids
This phase occurs only in meiosis, where homologous chromosomes pair up.
Prophase I
The term for the number of chromosomes in a gamete, which is half of the original cell.
haploid
In meiosis II, this phase is where sister chromatids are separated.
Anaphase II
The process in which chromosomes exchange segments during meiosis, increasing genetic variation.
Crossing Over
Sperm are gametes made in the ______________.
Testicles (Testes)
Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, while mitosis results in this type of cell.
Diploid cell
Why is meiosis important
It produces gametes (sperm cell and egg cell)
During this phase of meiosis, chromosomes align at the equatorial plate for the second time.
Metaphase II
The result of the random fusion of gametes from two parents.
Fertilization
Eggs are gametes made in the ______.
Ovaries
In meiosis, this ensures genetic variation by shuffling alleles, while mitosis results in this kind of genetic outcome.
Genetically unique (in meiosis) vs. genetically identical (in mitosis)