PNI
What are the two types of stress?
Eustress and Distress
How can explanatory style affect our health?
Can lead to inaction, anxiety, guilt, and makes it harder to recover from setbacks.
What does it mean when we say Anger is a secondary emotion?
It covers an underlying emotion such as sadness or fear.
Why is some anxiety good for us?
It warns us of danger. It helps to motivate us.
What contributes to the development of depression?
Genetic factors, biological factors (serotonin) and environmental factors (trauma or long term stress).
What does PNI study?
The mind-body connection, communication between body systems, and the relationship between psychosocial factors and disease.
What is a locus of control?
How we view control in a situation. Is a situation due to personal factors or factors outside myself.
What is hostility?
Chronic anger that involves changes in attitude, behavior, and emotion.
Why are individuals with anxiety disorders more likely to go to the doctor compared to others?
Anxiety often manifests in a physical way. Upset stomach. Tension or pain in muscles. Increase in medical problems.
What are natural ways to treat symptoms of depression?
Sunlight. Exercise. Healthy diet. Adequate sleep. Goal setting.
PNI studies the relationship between which major components of the body?
The brain, nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system.
What is the difference between Type A, Type D, and Type C personality?
Type A is driven and ambitious with a "toxic core" of hostile emotions. Type D is the "distressed" personality characterized by social inhibition and negative feelings. Type C is often overwhelmed by emotions and may be apologetic and passive.
How do we feel anger physically, and how does it relate to our fight or flight reaction?
Ex) Tense muscles - preparing to fight or run
Give an example of an irrational thought that may contribute to anxiety.
"My friend didn't ask me to hang out this weekend so they must not like me".
What are symptoms of depression?
Changes is appetite, changes in sleep, feelings of hopelessness, feelings of worthlessness, loss of motivation.
What are factors that lead to stress?
Major Life events, Daily hassles, Job Stress
What are examples of personality traits keep us well?
Hope, optimism, hardiness.
How can anger impact our health?
Migraines, weakened immune system, heart disease
How can we manage chronic anxiety?
Breathing. Leisure activities. Supports. Developing rational thinking.
How long does depression last?
Depends on the type of depression. Some is ongoing (Persistent Depression/Dysthymia), some come in episodes (Major Depressive Disorder), some symptoms may change with the season (Seasonal Affective Disorder).
How does stress affect the systems in our body?
Compromises immune system, increased heart rate, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems slow down
What are the three C's of hardiness?
Commitment, control, and challenge.
Hostility is part of the "toxic core" of this personality type.
Type A
What is the difference between Generalized Anxiety and Panic Disorder.
GAD is a lower level anxiety a majority of the time. Panic disorder is characterized by intense panic attacks that may or may not have an environmental trigger.
Best professional treatment for depression?
Research shows a combination of medication and counseling has the best outcomes.