FOUNDATIONS OF MICROBIOLOGY
This scientist developed the postulates used to connect microbes with disease.
Who is Robert Koch?
This microscope uses visible light and multiple lenses to magnify specimens.
What is a compound light microscope?
Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus belong to this cell type.
What are prokaryotes?
Viruses are excluded from the three-domain system because they are this.
What are acellular?
This metabolic pathway breaks glucose into pyruvate.
What is glycolysis?
The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and this domain.
What is Eukarya?
Adding immersion oil increases this property by reducing light refraction.
What is resolution
This theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living bacteria.
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
This protozoan parasite causes malaria.
What is Plasmodium?
These electron carriers deliver high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain.
What are NADH and FADH₂?
Microbes that normally live on and in the body are called this.
What is normal microbiota?
The Gram stain is an example of this type of stain.
What is a differential stain?
These two polysaccharides make up bacterial peptidoglycan.
What are N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)?
This polysaccharide is the major component of fungal cell walls.
What is chitin?
This process produces ATP without using an electron transport chain.
What is fermentation?
This period from approximately 1857–1914 saw major discoveries in microbiology.
What is the Golden Age of Microbiology?
Tuberculosis is commonly diagnosed using this stain.
What is the acid-fast stain?
A solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell is called this.
What is a hypertonic solution?
This type of virus infects bacteria.
What is a bacteriophage?
The four phases of bacterial growth are lag, log, stationary, and this phase.
What is the death phase?
This concept replaced spontaneous generation and states that living organisms arise from other living organisms.
: What is biogenesis?
This electron microscope provides detailed images of internal cell structures.
What is a transmission electron microscope (TEM)?
These dormant bacterial structures allow survival under extreme conditions.
What are endospores?
This symbiotic relationship benefits one organism while harming the other.
What is parasitism?
Microorganisms that require lower-than-atmospheric oxygen levels are called this.
What are microaerophiles?