Conflicts
Very violent and gory, characterized by hand to hand combat. Epics and troubadours often glamorized them, but they were not as clean as often portrayed.
Troubadors/ Epics
Influence
The church had influence over everyone's souls. I bet if someone had power of your soul, you'd obey them too, huh?
What did the pyramid look like?
King
Greater lords
Lesser lords
knights/vassels
freemen
serfs
can't move up and down easily
Charlemagne
This was guy numero dos. He forced everyone to be christian, saved learning, and hugely expanded the territory of the empire.
The Battle of Tours
Charlemagne worked to stop islamic invasions into Europe. This is important as it allowed christianity to take hold in Europe.
Training
Knights started off as a page at the age of 7. They trained at some other lord's estate for a while, getting taught base techniques, manners, sword fighting, etc. By the age of 14 they served a knight as a squire. They would take care of that knights possessions, horse, if a knight lost his sword mid battle a squire would go to get it. By the age of 21 knights were generally appointed by their lord as full knights and would pledge their loyalty.
Power
The church could excommunicate or interdict anyone, basically using their influence over your soul and putting your soul in danger/ making sure you don't go to heaven. Owned a lot of land, and had Canon Law
What led to the implementation of Feudalism?
The attacks on all sides from the Vikings, Maygars, and Muslims.
Clovis
This was the first guy that was the leader of the franks and converted to christianity.
Viking invasions (Success and Vikings?)
The vikings were so successful in their invasions since they attacked quickly in boats that could carry many people, and they could pop up anywhere on the water surrounded continent. Their boats could travel in rivers as well as the ocean. Finally, they attacked monasteries which weren't very violent. Vikings were Scandinavian warriors.
Military tactics
Structure
Pope
Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests
Can Level up
Manoralism
Its the self sufficient system where the peasants farm and do peasant things, and pay their tithe's to the church. Manorialism was important since the manors were often isolated and people wouldn't travel very far. They would live off of their own farming and water, and being self-sufficient would help if under a siege.
Friedrich Barbarossa
He managed to make the Italians and the pope upset and then after they formed Lombard league and then he got beat by foot soldiers at the battle of Legnano, and that was important since it was the first time that Calvary got beat by foot soldiers.
Walk to Canossa and Lay investiture and concordat of worms.
How did Chivalry(and the church) impact the view of woman? And how did that change over time?
Chivalry put woman up on the pedestal, seen as damsels in distress to be saved. The church viewed them as unimportant, meant to be kept in the house. Overall, they were seen as weak. While noble woman were able to take over an estate if the lord was out, over time, their power faded.
Sacraments
Rituals that every christian experiences. It served both to unite people. Some examples are matrimony, baptism, confirmation, communion.
What was on a manor?
There typically was a church, houses for peasants and smaller ones for serfs. The church had a tithe bar by it. There were sometimes mills, along with blacksmiths, and since manors were self sufficient, they would have both fallow fields as well as sowed ones, which would change depending on the different seasons.
Henry
Friedrich
This guy picked so many fights with italians that he managed to get the pope angry. The pope and the italians formed the lombard league and fought Friedrich at the battle of Legnano. The pope won which was significant since it was the first time that foot-soldiers defeated cavalry.
Describe the social and cultural impact of the “Age of Chivalry.”
People followed the code of conduct, and payed attention to unwritten rules. If a knight broke the code of chivalry, then they would be stripped of their position, and humiliated. Knights would generally break the code though and got ignored by everyone, since they would treat commoners badly. Some of their rules were to follow the church, follow their lord, defend the weak, don't retreat. It shaped social expectations, brought about troubadours, and created a way for knights to behave.
What roles did monasteries serve?
They provided a space for education. They copied down literature and knowledge. They wrote new books. They provided a space for monks to practice christianity, and hospitality.
What were a peasants obligations
They farmed and did christianity and paid their tithes
Otto I
He was the first one to call it the holy roman empire and made friends with the pope.