Etiology of neuropathology
Tumor pressing on the VIII auditory nerve
Neoplastic
Visual agnosia patient (cannot process what is seen) may have damange here
Occipital Lobe/Visual Cortex
Damage to this nerve may cause loss of taste in tongue
IX Glossopharyngeal
Fires when you watch another person drink from a cup
Mirror neuron
BEFAST acronym
B – Balance Loss
E – Eye (Vision) Changes
F – Face Drooping
A – Arm Weakness
S – Speech Difficulty
T – Time to Call 911
Multiple TIAs followed by a L MCA CVA
Vascular
Each side of a lobe specializes in different tasks is called _______
Lateralization
Voice dysfunction could be involvement of this nerve
X Vagus
Corticospinal tract ______ at the level of pyramids of medulla
decussation/crosses
An aphasia patient may have had an occlusion in which artery?
Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
Fall off a roof, resulting in multiple brain infarctions due to hemorrhages
Traumatic
Speech production area is called ___
Speech understanding area is called ___
Fibers that connect these ___
Brocas; Wernickes, Arcuate Fasciculus
Originates at junction of pons & medulla and is responsible for ____
XIII Auditory, Hearing & Balance
Corticobulbar tract pathway- what is it?
UMNs- Primary motor cortex- Internal capsule- synapse with LMN brainstem cranial nuclei to head/neck/face
Damage to thalamus (sensory station) and hippocampus (memory formation)- which artery?
Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)
Brain infection causing Encephalitis
Inflammatory
Folded inside the lateral fissure; deep in lobes; involved in processing
Insula
Sensory and motor dysfunction of face- which nerves?
V Trigeminal
VI Facial
Path on corticobulbar tract to stick out tongue
UMNs- Primary motor cortex- Internal capsule- LMN in medulla hypoglossal nuclei to tongue
3 reasons why Circle of Willis not always effective for continuous blood flow with injury
1. Incomplete. 2. Occlusion past circle. 3. Blood flow to much and too fast to recoup
Dementia patient with memory deficits __
Then takes a fall with brain bleeds ____
Degenerative; Trauma
This helps pack more neurons and give more surface area to the brain
Folding of the brain
___nerve originates in ____ and sends visual info to ___ for processing
Path on corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts to lift leg and close eyes
Bulbar: UMNs- motor cortex- internal capsule-LMN in midbrain Oculomotor nuclei- eyes
Spinal: UMNs- motor cortex- internal capsule- through pyramids medulla; LMN in spinal nerve nuclei- leg
This brain scan ___ shows high resolution anatomy of _____ (3 things) and can diagnose _____
MRI; soft tissues; white/grey matter, ventricles, infarctions, neurogenic disorders