Chapter 1
Correlation does not equal
what is causation
describing a series of inkblots
Rorschach
Id, ego, superego
Freud's structure of the mind
Those who are "perfection striving" are trying to meet their
Fictional Goals
regulates our responses to rewards
Behavioral activation system
scientific study of psychological forces that make people uniquely themselves
What is personality
making up a story from a specific picture
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
spontaneous, free-flowing of ideas and feelings
Free association
Powerful emotional symbols thought to make up the collective unconscious
responsible for the orienting response to new stimuli and responses to things that are perceived as punishing
Behavioral inhibition system
a mathematical index of the degree of agreement (or association) between two measures
What is correlation
unfortunate consequence of the development of mental tests
Discrimination/bias
What a person consciously considers
manifest content
proposed symbiotic psychotic and normal symbiotic relationships with mothers
Margaret Mahler
expression of genes (e.g., turning on and off of genes)
Epigenetics
using knowledge of basic psychological phenomena to understand each person (Top down approach)
deductive approach
extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure
Validity
Underlying hidden meaning
Latent content
Sensing, intuiting, feeling, thinking
Four functions of the mind
study of how genes affect behavior
Behavioral Genomics
working towards a theory utilizing data (bottom up approach)
inductive approach
how consistent a measure is within itself
Internal consistency reliability
Stage that houses the Oedipus complex and Electra complex
Phallic stage
This stage covers the early school years from approximately age 5 to 11.
Industry vs Inferiority
Main way biological perspectives test theories
Twin studies