increase the volume and create lightness in food products
What are leaveners?
has a higher protein content than soft wheat
What is hard wheat?
2%
What is the amount of sugar in sap?
depend only on the number of solute particles in solution and not on the nature of the solute particles.
What are colligative properties?
a lot of little ice crystals
What is one of the goals in when making ice cream?
releases a gas when mixed with an acid
What is baking soda?
great for making all sorts of baked goods from biscuits, to breads, to pizza dough
What is all-purpose flour?
40 gallons of sap
the decrease in freezing point when something is dissolved in water
What is freezing point depression?
melted, smaller ice crystals refreezing and forming larger ice crystals
What causes ice cream flavor to change when it thaws and refreezes again?
when heated produces a gas
What is baking powder?
has all 3 of the component of wheat in it, has a brownish-red color, and adds a lot of fiber to whatever is being made
What is whole wheat flour?
maple trees that are at least 10 inches in diameter
What type of tree is usually tapped to make maple syrup?
the increasing in boiling point when something is dissolved in water
What is boiling point elevation?
ice cream is made of about 60% of this molecular compound, and not all of it is frozen
What is water?
lemon juice, vinegar, buttermilk
What are examples of acidic ingredients?
has a lower protein content that other flours and is very good for making cakes, cupcakes, and muffins
What is cake flour?
1 month
approximately 219oF
two pints of ice cream can have very different masses due to differences in this intensive property
What is density?
self-contained leavening system
What is baking powder?
has leavening agent and sometimes a little salt added to it already
What is self-rising flour?
66-67%
What is the sugar content of maple syrup?
used to desalinate seawater and in the initial concentration of maple sap in the production of maple syrup
What is reverse osmosis?
Ben and Jerry got their start through an ice cream correspondence course from this University
What is Penn State?