School of thought that indicates that people have free will to choose between criminal and lawful behavior and that a crime can be controlled by punishment which should be proportionate to the offense committed
Classical School
100
This person is the "Father of Criminology" and maintains that crime is biological and can be measured by atavistic traits, or physical abnormalities, within in a person.
Cesare Lombroso
100
What mode of adaptation is the criminal mode of adaptation, suggesting that people accept the goals of society but reject the "legitimate" means to achieve those goals?
Innovation
100
What is the geographical area (or substantive areas) that is assigned to a particularly authority to oversee/enforce law?
Jurisdiction
100
What consequentialist theory states that persons should make decisions based on producing the greatest happiness (or good) for the greatest number?
Utilitarianism
200
What is the dark figure of crime?
Unreported/ unknown crime to law enforcement
200
Believes that people in the State of Nature are naturally hedonistic and will always seeks pleasure at the expense of another's pain
Thomas Hobbes
200
What is the degree of responsibility for a crime?
Culpability
200
Unnecessary use of force by police against citizens, resulting in injury
What is police brutality
200
The authority to make decisions in enforcing the law based on one’s observations and judgment
Discretion
300
In civil cases, the ______ has the burden of proof?
Plaintiff
300
As the Father of Modern Policing, he advocated for a professional police force that should be educated.
Sir Robert Peel
300
What is the current day "shire reeve"?
Sheriff
300
Information that would lead a reasonable person to believe that another has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime
What is probable cause
300
What is the study of causes of crime, death and crime scenes?
Forensic Science
400
Legal doctrine of judicial precedence is also referred to as ________
Stare decisis
400
This man wrote the treatise "On Crimes and Punishment" and was the founder of the Classical School
Cesare Beccaria
400
What is the standard of guilt that must be met in a criminal trial?
Guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
400
What does SARA stand for? (Think Problem-Oriented Policing)
Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment
400
What kind of police system was used in the middle ages?
Watch System
500
This theory maintains that criminal laws are designed by those in power to oppress those not in power
Critical Theory
500
This criminal justice scholar gave us two models of criminal justice: the Crime Control Model and the Due Process Model
Herbert Packer
500
What era of policing were police closely tied to politicians?
Political
500
What kind of policing advocates a relationship between police and the community and focuses on a specific crime problem?
Problem-Oriented Policing
500
The fleeing felon rule, established in Tennessee v. Garner, is absolute and has no exceptions: True or False?
False! The defense of life standard is the exception!