INTRODUCTION TO UA & RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
The primary organic solute in urine is:
What is Urea?
The primary pigment responsible for normal urine color is:
What is urochrome?
An increase in urinary WBCs is called:
What is pyuria?
The most common cause of end-stage renal disease is:
What is diabetic nephropathy?
What part of the male reproductive system provides energy for sperm motility?
What are the seminal vessicles?
Blood enters the glomerulus through this part of the nephron:
What is the afferent arteriole?
In simplest terms, specific gravity is a measure of: (one word)
What is density?
Name three nonpathogenic crystals found in acidic urine.
What are uric acid, calcium oxalate, and amorphous urates?
An increased number of urinary eosinophils are diagnostic for:
A pleural fluid delivered to the laboratory on ice would most likely be accompanied by a requisition form to test for:
What is pH?
In cases of diabetes insipidus, with regards to specific gravity, urine is typically:
What is Dilute with low specific gravity?
Specimens that contain intact red blood cells can be visually distinguished from specimens that contain hemoglobin because specimens with hemoglobin make urine: (one word)
What is cloudy?
In ascending order (bottom to top), the location of epithelial cells in the urinary tract is:
What is squamous, transitional, renal?
This disorder has a positive antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody test and is associated with pulmonary hemoptysis and urinary hematuria.
What is Wegener's granulomatosis?
Differentiation between a hemothorax and a hemorrhagic effusion on a bloody pleural fluid is done by:
What is performing a hematocrit value, because a hemothorax will give a value close to that of blood?
Increased ammonium (NH₄⁺) production by the kidneys is an adaptive response to:
(metabolic/respiratory alkalosis/acidosis)
What is metabolic acidosis?
The pseudoperoxidase reaction is the principle for the reagent strip test(s) for:
What is blood?
Leukocytes that stain pale blue with Sternheimer-Malbin stain and exhibit brownian movement are called:
What are glitter cells?
Analysis of urine from an infant whose mother reported a blue staining on the diapers showed increased levels of indican and a generalized aminoaciduria. On the basis of these findings, the infant was diagnosed as having the following condition:
What is Hartnup disease?
To differentiate between maternal and fetal blood in blood-streaked amniotic fluid, the fluid is tested for:
What is fetal hemoglobin?
Active glucose reabsorption occurs in this part of the nephron:
What is the proximal convoluted tubule?
The principle of the reagent strip test for pH is:
What is a double indicator reaction?
Spherical transitional epithelial cells can be differentiated from renal tubular epithelial cells by observing the following:
What is the centrally located nucleus in a transitional epithelial cell?
Name 3 possible causes of acute renal failure:
What is: (any of the above)
Decreased blood pressure/cardiac output
Hemorrhage
Burns
Surgery
Septicemia
Acute glomerulonephritis
Acute tubular necrosis
Acute pyelonephritis
Acute interstitial nephritis
Renal Calculi
Tumors
A vaginal fluid was collected from a 25-year-old female that showed the following results: appearance is pink with flocculent discharge, pH is 3.9, whiff test is negative, many gram-positive rods, clue cells are absent. What is your interpretation of these results?
What is the patient is normal and possibly menstruating?