v1 mod11
A message is sent to all hosts on a remote network. Which type of message is it?
a. limited broadcast
b. multicast
c. directed broadcast
d. unicast
what is
c. directed broadcast
A directed broadcast is a message sent to all hosts on a specific network. It is useful for sending a broadcast to all hosts on a nonlocal network. A multicast message is a message sent to a selected group of hosts that are part of a subscribing multicast group. A limited broadcast is used for a communication that is limited to the hosts on the local network. A unicast message is a message sent from one host to another.
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11.2 IPv4 Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast
Which statement is true about variable-length subnet masking?
a. All the subnets are equally sized.
b. The sizes of subnets may be different, depending on requirements.
c. Subnets may only be subnetted one additional time.
d. Bits are returned, rather than borrowed, to create additional subnets.
what is
B. VLSM allows for the option to subnet any
subnet further as long as there are enough
host bits to do so. This makes possible a
variety of sizes of subnets or networks.
A plug-and-play IPv6 feature that enables devices
to connect themselves to the network without
any configuration and without any servers (like
DHCP servers).
a. stateful
b. tunneling
c. stateless address auto configuration (SLAAC)
what is
c. stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
A plug-and-play IPv6 feature that enables devices
to connect themselves to the network without
any configuration and without any servers (like
DHCP servers).
A method of transporting an IPv6 packet over an IPv4 network.
a. networking
b. tunneling
c. exiting
what is
b. tunneling
The
IPv6 packet is encapsulated inside an IPv4 packet
What source IP address does a router use by default when the traceroute command is issued?
a. the highest configured IP address on the router
b. a loopback IP address
c. the IP address of the outbound interface
d. the lowest configured IP address on the router
what is
c. the IP address of the outbound interface
When sending an echo request message, a router will use the IP address of the exit interface as the source IP address. This default behavior can be changed by using an extended ping and specifying a specific source IP address.
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Which three addresses are valid public addresses? (Choose three.)
a. 198.133.219.17
b. 192.168.1.245
c. 10.15.250.5
d. 128.107.12.117
e. 172.31.1.25
f. 64.104.78.227
what is
a. 198.133.219.17
d. 128.107.12.117
f. 64.104.78.227
Why does a Layer 3 device perform the ANDing process on a destination IPv4 address and subnet mask?
a. to identify the broadcast address of the destination network
b. to identify the host address of the destination host
c. to identify faulty frames
d. to identify the network address of the destination network
what is
d. to identify the network address of the destination network
An blank is: An IPv6 address
similar to a public IPv4 address. It is a globally
unique, internet-routable address.
a. dual stack
b. global unicast address (GUA)
c. stateless
what is
b. global unicast address (GUA)
An IPv6 address
similar to a public IPv4 address. It is a globally
unique, internet-routable address. Global unicast
addresses can be configured statically or
assigned dynamically.
blank allows IPv6-enabled devices to communicate with IPv4-enabled devices using a translation technique similar to NAT for IPv4.
a. tunneling
b. subnetting
c. network address translation 64 (NAT 64)
what is
c. network address translation 64 (NAT 64)
An IPv6 packet is translated to an IPv4 packet, and an IPv4 packet is translated to an IPv6 packet
A user issues a ping 10.10.14.67 command and receives a response that includes a code of 0 . What does this code represent?
a. network unreachable
b. protocol unreachable
c. port unreachable
what is
a. network unreachable
13.1 ICMP Messages
How many host addresses are available on the 192.168.10.128/26 network?
Note: A /26 prefix gives 6 host bits
a. 30
b. 32
c. 60
d. 62
e. 64
what is
d. 62
A /26 prefix gives 6 host bits, which provides a total of 64 addresses, because 2 6 = 64. Subtracting the network and broadcast addresses leaves 62 usable host addresses.
How many host addresses are available on the 192.168.10.128/26 network?
a. 30
b. 32
c. 60
d. 62
c. 64
what is
d. 62
A /26 prefix gives 6 host bits, which provides a total of 64 addresses, because 2 6 = 64. Subtracting the network and broadcast addresses leaves 62 usable host addresses.
Which address type is not supported in IPv6?
a. private
b. multicast
c. unicast
d. broadcast
what is
d. broadcast
D. IPv6 does not have a broadcast. IPv6
does include an all-IPv6-device multicast
address.
blank unicast addresses can be configured statically or assigned dynamically.
a. globally
b. centrally
c. externally
what is
a. globally
global unicast address (GUA) An IPv6 address
similar to a public IPv4 address. It is a globally
unique, internet-routable address. Global unicast
addresses can be configured statically or
assigned dynamically
A user issues a ping 192.135.250.103 command and receives a response that includes a code of 1 . What does this code represent?
a. host unreachable
b. beyond scope of the source address
c. address unreachable
what is
a. host unreachable
13.1 ICMP Messages
How many host addresses are available on the network 172.16.128.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0?
a. 510
b. 512
c. 1022
d. 1024
e. 2046
f. 2048
what is
c. 1022
A mask of 255.255.252.0 is equal to a prefix of /22. A /22 prefix provides 22 bits for the network portion and leaves 10 bits for the host portion. The 10 bits in the host portion will provide 1022 usable IP addresses (2 10 - 2 = 1022).
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A site administrator has been told that a particular network at the site must accommodate 126 hosts. Which subnet mask would be used that contains the required number of host bits?
a. 255.255.255.0
b. 255.255.255.128
c. 255.255.255.224
d. 255.255.255.240
what is
b. 255.255.255.128
To determine the subnet mask that would accommodate 126 hosts, we need to find the smallest subnet mask that provides enough host bits to accommodate 126 hosts.
We can use the formula 2^n - 2, where n is the number of host bits, to calculate the number of available host addresses in a subnet.
The smallest subnet mask that provides enough host bits to accommodate 126 hosts is /25, which provides 7 host bits:
2^7 - 2 = 126
So, the subnet mask that would be used to accommodate 126 hosts is /25.
In binary notation, the subnet mask would be 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000, which is equivalent to 255.255.255.128 in decimal notation.
The subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 has 8 host bits. The mask of 255.255.255.128 results in 7 host bits. The mask of 255.255.255.224 has 5 host bits. Finally, 255.255.255.240 represents 4 host bits.
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11.1 IPv4 Address Structure
Which address type is not supported in IPv6?
a. private
b. multicast
c. unicast
d. broadcast
what is
True depletion of IPv4 addresses
the main driver or most important factor for IPv6 is the depletion of the IPv4 address space.
What is the purpose of the command ping ::1?
a. It tests the internal configuration of an IPv6 host.
b. It tests the broadcast capability of all hosts on the subnet.
c. It tests the multicast connectivity to all hosts on the subnet.
d. It tests the reachability of the default gateway for the network
what is
A. a. It tests the internal configuration of an IPv6 host.
::1 is an IPv6 loopback address. Pinging
a loopback address helps verify the internal
configuration of IP on the host
Which protocol is used by the traceroute command to send and receive echo-requests and echo-replies?
a. SNMP
b. ICMP
c. Telnet
what is
b. ICMP
Traceroute uses the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to send and receive echo-request and echo-reply messages.
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When a router is connected to several networks, we need to create multiple subnets to manage them. For a router connected to five networks, how many bits do we need to borrow from the host portion of an address to create enough subnets?
Remember, to calculate the number of available subnets, we use the formula 2^n, where n is the number of bits borrowed. Each borrowed bit doubles the number of available subnets.
So, out of the given options, which number of bits do we need to borrow to create at least five subnets for a router connected to five networks?
a. two
b. three
c. four
d. five
what is
b. three
The correct answer is three, as we need to borrow three bits from the host portion of an address to create eight subnets, which is enough to accommodate five connected networks.
To calculate the number of available subnets, we use the formula 2^n, where n is the number of bits borrowed from the host portion of an address. Each borrowed bit doubles the number of available subnets.
In this case, we need to support five networks, so we need at least five subnets. We start by borrowing one bit, which gives us two subnets. We then borrow another bit, which gives us four subnets. Finally, we borrow a third bit, which gives us eight subnets. Therefore, we need to borrow three bits to create the required number of subnets for five networks.
In summary, to support five networks, we need to borrow three bits from the host portion of an address to create eight subnets (2^3).
What three blocks of addresses are defined by RFC 1918 for private network use? (Choose three.)
a. 10.0.0.0/8
b. 172.16.0.0/12
c. 192.168.0.0/16
d. 100.64.0.0/14
e. 169.254.0.0/16
f. 239.0.0.0/8
what is
a. 10.0.0.0/8
b. 172.16.0.0/12
c. 192.168.0.0/16
RFC 1918, Address Allocation for Private Internets, defines three blocks of IPv4 address for private networks that should not be routable on the public Internet.
10.0.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/12
192.168.0.0/16
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11.3 Types of IPv4 Addresses
Which IPv6 network prefix is only intended for local links and cannot be routed?
a. 2001::/3
b. fc00::/7
c. fe80::/10
d. ff00::/12
what is
c. fe80::/10
C. Link-local addresses are only for communications on the local link or network and
are not routable off that link.
Which of the following techniques use native IPv6 connectivity?
a. dual stack
b. tunneling
c. translation
what is
a. dual stack
only dual stack uses native IPv6 connectivity
Which ICMPv6 message is sent when the IPv6 hop limit field of a packet is decremented to zero and the packet cannot be forwarded?
a. network unreachable
b. time exceeded
c. protocol unreachable
what is
b. time exceeded
ICMPv6 uses the hop limit field in the IPv6 packet header to determine if the packet has expired. If the hop limit field has reached zero, a router will send a time exceeded message back towards the source indicating that the router cannot forward the packet.
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13.2 Ping and Traceroute Tests