Respiratory
Respiratory muscles weaken; lung tissue becomes less elastic; SOB with exertion; lung capacity decreases
What are respiratory changes due to aging
Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas
What are GI accessory structures
Bean shaped paired organs; filters waste; helps maintain water balance and blood pressure; regulates electrolytes
What are the kidneys
Glands located throughout the body that secrete hormones
What is the structure of the endocrine system
Defends threats both inside and outside the body
What is the immune system
Coughing; wheezing; nasal congestion or discharge; productive cough; noisy respirations; cyanosis; dyspnea
What are respiratory variations of normal
Decreased taste buds, slowing of peristalsis, slower absorption of nutrients, loss of sphincter muscle tone, digestion takes longer and is less efficient
What are digestive changes due to aging
Light yellow to amber in color; clear; about 1000 to 1500mls per day
What are normal urine findings
Maintains homeostasis (balance); influences growth and development; regulates sugar in the blood and calcium in the bones; regulates reproduction; regulates how fast cells burn food
What is the function of the endocrine system
Signs of infection; anxiety; nausea and vomiting; stiff, swollen, painful joints
What are immune system variations of normal
Chronic, progressive disease causing trouble breathing, particularly getting air out of lungs
What is COPD
Contents of stomach backs up into esophagus; can damage lining of esophagus; heartburn most common symptom
What is gastroesophageal reflux disease
Inability to control bladder leading t an involuntary loss of urine; not normal part of aging
What is urinary incontinence
Skin warm/dry; no variation of weight, appetite, urination from typical; awake, alert and oriented
What are normal findings of the endocrine system
Disease caused by a virus, HIV, and attacks the immune system and destroys infection-fighting and cancer-fighting cells of the body
What is acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Acute infection of lung or lungs caused by bacteria, virus or fungus
What is pneumonia
Occurs when stool moves too slowly through the intestine
What is constipation
An infection of the urethra, bladder, ureter, or kidney typically caused by E. coli, a bacteria found in the digestive system
What is a urinary tract infection
Levels of hormones decrease; insulin production decreases; body is less capable to deal with stress
What are endocrine system changes due to aging
Immune system attacks tissues causing redness, pain, swelling and damage
What is lupus
Chronic inflammatory disease, occurs when respiratory system is hyperreactive to irritants
What is asthma
Observe for choking; provide fluids with meals; encourage intake of fiber and fluids
What is the nurse aide's role regarding the digestive system
Lasting damage of kidneys that worsens gradually; 5 stages; with the latter stages resulting in the need for dialysis
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Occurs when pancreas produces too little insulin or does not use insulin properly
What is diabetes mellitus (diabetes)
Immune system attacks thyroid gland which causes it to secrete more thyroid hormone
What is Graves disease