DNA
DNA is an abbreviation / acronym for this molecule:
What is DeoxyriboNucleic Acid ?
Every 3 nucleotides / bases of DNA is called a __________.
What is triplet ?
In replication, DNA makes a strand of mRNA, where the "m" stands for this:
What is messenger ?
In translation, the mRNA pairs with tRNA, where the "t" stands for this:
What is transfer ?
RNA is different from DNA in that:
RNA has #____ strand(s) - DNA has 2.
RNA has the sugar ________- DNA has deoxyribose.
RNA has the base ______- DNA has the base T.
What is one, ribose, and U.
DNA is made of #_____ strands forming a special shape called a _________ __________
What are 2 and double helix ?
In the first step of replication, the DNA is unwound
by this enzyme: _________________
What is (DNA) helicase ?
the A in DNA pairs with _____ in mRNA, and
the T in DNA pairs with _____ in mRNA.
What are U and A ?
When mRNA pairs with tRNA, the base ______ pairs with _______ (or vice versa) and the base ______ pairs with _______ (or vice versa)
What is A with U and C with G ?
Transcription and Translation are the 2 stages of
__________ Synthesis ? (what is the cell making ?)
What is Protein ?
Each strand of DNA is made of nucleotides; 2 parts of each nucleotide are the backbone of each strand- these parts are the sugar _____________ and a
___________ group.
What are deoxyribose and phosphate ?
In the second step of replication, new nucleotides are added to both exposed strands by this enzyme:
What is (DNA) polymerase ?
Every 3 nucleotides/bases of mRNA is called a
__________.
What is codon ?
Every 3 nucleotides / bases of tRNA is called an _____________- each one carries an amino acid
What is an anticodon ?
Some times mistakes are made in replication or transcription, these mistakes/errors are called ___________.
What are mutations ?
The 2 strands of DNA are held together by weak
____________ bonds which connect the four different ____________ bases.
What are hydrogen and nitrogen ?
Since each new double helix actually contains half of the old (original) double helix, replication is a
semi _____________ process.
What is conservative ?
Transcription is similar to replication in that the double helix unwinds (with helicase) .....however, only 1 strand of DNA is used and is called the _________ strand, the other is not used and is called the _______ strand.
What is sense and nonsense ?
In the genetic code table, there are #______ possible codons, most of which code for one of the #______ different amino acids ?
What are 64 and 20 ?
Each piece of tRNA (anticodon) carries one _____________ to the ribosomes.
What is amino acid ?
Of the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA, _____ can only pair with ______ (or vice versa) and ______ can only pair with ______ (or vice versa).
What is A with T and C with G ?
Replication takes place during this part of the cell cycle in mitosis or meiosis I:
What is S (synthesis) ?
When transcription is done, the mRNA leaves the __________ and goes to the _____________.
What is nucleus and ribosomes (or Rough ER) ?
In the genetic code table, there is one codon (amino acid) that codes for "_______" to begin the protein, and there are 3 different codons that code for "______" to end the protein.
What are Start and Stop ?
Of the 3 mutations (frameshift, point, silent) the most damaging one is ___________ and the least damaging one is ______________.
What is frameshift and silent ?