DNA
DNA replication
RNA
mitosis
meiosis
100
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases that are found in DNA?
adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), cytosine (C)
100
Where does DNA replication occur?
nucleus
100
Which type of RNA is part of the ribosome & holds the mRNA in place while tRNA translates
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
100
What is the purpose of transcription?
to convert DNA into mRNA
100
What is the purpose of translation?
To decode the RNA into amino acids & eventually into a protein.
200
DNA is a nucleic acid. What monomers make up nucleic acids?
nucleotides
200
When does DNA replication occur?
interphase of mitosis or meiosis
200
Give 2 differences between DNA & RNA.
DNA: double stranded, thymine, deoxyribose sugar RNA: single stranded, uracil, ribose sugar
200
Where does transcription occur?
nucleus
200
Where does translation occur?
cytoplasm, outside nucleus, at ribosomes
300
Describe the structure of a single nucleotide.
sugar + phosphate backbone & 1 base (A, T, C or G)
300
Which enzyme breaks the bonds between the bases?
helicase
300
Which type of RNA acts like a blueprint of the original DNA code?
messanger RNA (mRNA)
300
What type of RNA is made during transcription?
messanger RNA (mRNA)
300
The amino acids are connected to which type of RNA?
transfer RNA (tRNA)
400
What are the base pairing rules of DNA?
A with T, C with G
400
Which enzyme brings new bases to the DNA template stand?
DNA Polymerase
400
The anticodons are attached to this type of RNA.
transfer RNA (tRNA)
400
What RNA sequence will be produced from the following DNA sequence? CCA GGT AAT
GGU CCA UUA
400
Given the following DNA sequence: give the mRNA, anticodons, & amino acids TAC TGT GCG CCT ACT
mRNA (codons) AUG ACA CGC GGA UGA tRNA (anticodons) UAC UGU GCG CCU ACU amino acids Met-Thr-Arg-Gly-Stop
500
How would you describe the shape of the DNA molecule & who discovered it?
double helix; Watson & Crick
500
Fill in the blank: After replication, each strand of DNA contains half of the _________ strand & half a new ___________ strand.
original; complimentary
500
Give the complimentary RNA strand that goes with the following DNA strand. CCG AAT TCG CGG
GGC UUA AGC GCC
500
Explain what codons are? What type of RNA are codons found on?
3 bases = 1 codon = 1 amino acid They are found on mRNA
500
How can you explain that there are 64 codons, but only 20 amino acids?
some codons code for the same amino acid ex: CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG all code for Arg
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