First Encounters & Exploration
Unlike the Spanish, the French often developed these types of relationships with Native American groups, particularly because of the importance of the fur trade.
Alliances
What percentage of Native Americans dies after European contact?
50% total
90% in certain tribes
Main cash crop of the Chesapeake region.
Tobacco
This labor system allowed Europeans to receive passage to the Americas in exchange for a period of contracted labor.
Indentured Servitude
Of the major European powers, this nation established the largest empire in the Americas during the early colonial period.
Spain
The Spanish sought wealth in the Americas through precious metals and used this labor system to extract labor from Native Americans.
Encomienda System
European diseases such as smallpox had devastating effects on Native American populations primarily because Indigenous peoples lacked this.
Immunity/Prior Exposure
This colonial region developed around religious communities, town-based settlement, and small family farms.
New England
This 1676 uprising in Virginia reflected tensions involving frontier settlers, Native American conflict, colonial elites, and political authority.
Bacon's Rebellion
The French economy in North America relied heavily on this trade, which encouraged French colonists to establish relationships with Native American groups.
Fur Trade
This economic theory encouraged European nations to establish colonies because colonies could provide raw materials and markets while increasing the mother country's wealth and power.
Mercantilism
The population decline among Native Americans contributed to the Spanish and later English colonists increasingly turning toward this alternative labor source.
African Slave Labor
This region's economy became heavily dependent on tobacco and initially relied extensively on indentured servants.
Chesapeake
Name the 4 ways slaves resisted slavery.
Overt
Daily resistance
Maroon communities
Cultural Preservation
The English, French, and Spanish competed for territory and resources in North America largely because European nations were seeking greater economic and political power under this system.
Mercantilism
This individual argument in favor of better Native American treatment led to the New Laws of 1542 being passed.
Bartolome De Las Casas
The introduction of horses by Europeans dramatically transformed the lives of some Native American groups, particularly those living on the Great Plains, by increasing their ability to do this.
Hunt & Travel Efficiently
A major difference between the Chesapeake and New England was that the Chesapeake developed a more dispersed settlement pattern, while New England communities were more likely to develop around these.
Towns/Community Centers
The transition from indentured servitude toward racialized hereditary slavery was encouraged by colonial elites partly because this labor system provided a more permanent and controllable workforce.
Chattel Slavery
How did the perspectives of Great Britain and the colonist differ regarding the French & Indian War?
GB: Unnecessary and costly
Colonist: Necessary for westward expansion
Whatis a key difference in religion between Spanish colonization & English colonization of the Americas?
Religion: Spanish used religion as means for justification for colonization. The English wanted to escape religious persecution and practice religion freely which is why they immigrated to North America.
The Columbian Exchange affected Europe and the Americas differently. Identify one major demographic or economic effect in Europe and one in the Americas.
Europe: American crops such as maize and potatoes contributed to population growth.
Americas: European diseases caused catastrophic Indigenous population decline.
What is the major difference in the development of slavery between Southern colonies and the Chesapeake colonies?
Chesapeake: Started off w/ indentured servitude, moved to chattel slavery after Bacon's rebellion.
Southern: Transplanted slavery from Barbados w/ written laws & codes already in place.
Give an example of overt rebellion & the aftermath of the revolt.
The Stono Rebellion led to the Negro Act being passed tightening restrictions on slavery.
Explain how one of the following terms influenced the mindset that led to the American Revolution.
Great Awakening
Enlightenment
Self-governance
Salutary Neglect
Answers will vary