Muscular Systems
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac
What does ATP provide for muscle cells?
Energy for muscle contraction/movement.
What are the two major divisions of the skeleton?
Axial and appendicular.
Which division includes the limbs and the structures that attach them to the body?
Appendicular
Which joint type allows the greatest amount of movement?
Synovial Joints
Which type of muscle is voluntary and attached to bones?
Skeletal Muscle
Which muscle fibers are used for endurance: red or white?
Red/slow-twitch fibers.
Which division contains the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum?
Axial Skeleton
What two bones are found in the forearm/upper hald of front legs?
Radius and Ulna
What structure in birds is formed when several vertebrae fuse with the pelvis?
Synsacrum
Which type of muscle is found in organs such as the stomach and intestines?
Smooth Muscle
Why do animals shiver when they are cold?
Rapid muscle contractions produce heat.
Name three major functions of the skeletal system.
Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production.
Found inside the spongy center of long bones, this tissue is the primary site of red blood cell production
Red Bone Marrow
What part of a bovine does the T-bone steak come from?
Loin
Name three functions of the muscular system.
movement, posture/support, heat production, moving materials through the body, breathing, eating, and digestion
Why is understanding livestock muscles important when selecting an injection site?
It helps producers give injections safely while avoiding unnecessary muscle and meat damage.
What is the function of Osteoblast cells?
Forms new bone.
What is yellow bone marrow primarily made of?
Fats/lipids
The stifle in a steer's hind leg corresponds anatomically to this human joint.
The knee
What are the four parts of the muscle structure from largest to smallest?
Whole Muscle, Fascicles, Muscle Fibers, Myofibrils
How can poor handling immediately before slaughter negatively affect pork muscle quality?
Acute stress can contribute to PSE pork, which is pale, soft, and exudative
What are the four types of Bones?
Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular
What is one bone that humans and Chickens have that Livestock do not?
Clavicle
Bones found in Avian Species containing air spaces associated with the respiratory system
Pneumatic Bones