Anatomy, physiology and Misc Interventions
Fractures
Nursing Interventions
Disorders
Misc Interventions and Meds
100
Two types of anesthesia which are commonly used in arthroplasty procedures.
What are general and spinal.
100
This category of fracture can be classified as Grade I, Grade II and Grade III.
What is and open (compound) fracture. According to ATI: Grade I: minimal skin damage Grade II: damange includes skin and muscle contusions Grade III: damange to skin, muscles, nerves and blood vessels
100
After knee or hip arthroplasty, the client will usually need extensive appointments with this professional. Client needs asssitance to regain function and prevent further injury.
What is the physical therapist.
100
Hebredens and Bouchards nodes are seen in this condition.
What is osteoarthritis.
100
This type of traction is used continuously. Pulling force is applied directly to the bone by weights attached by rope directly to a rod/screw placed through the bone. Weights should hang free and are not removed unless a health-care provider writes specific orders for removal.
What is skeletal traction. If traction does not function properly or a nurse finds weights on floor or in wrong configuration, FIRST DO a CMS assessment.
200
Hinge joints (elbow and knee) are examples of this type of freely moveable joint.
What are diarthrosis joints. Other examples include ball and socket diarthrosis joints (hip/shoulder) and pivot diarthrosis joints (skull and first vertebrae).
200
This 6 points are part of a neurovascular data collection when caring for a patient with fracture, according to ATI.
What is Pain, Sensation, Skin Color and Temperature, Cap Refill, Pulses and Movement. According to White, CMS assessments (circulation or "color", movement and sensation) is easy to remember using the 6 P's: paresthesia, pain, pallor, paralysis, puffiness (edema) and pulselessness. CMS is very important. CMS assessments are performed on musculoskeletal patients frequently. After trauma, surgery, acute condition or casting/splinting/bandaging, CMS assessments should be performed every 15-30 minutes for several hours, and then every 3-4 hours. When it doubt about a musculoskeletal patient's condition -- DO A CMS ASSESSMENT!!!
200
Three signs of potential pin site infection include...
What are drainage, loosening of pins and tenting of skin at pin site. Drainage should be monitored for COCA (color, odor, consistency and amount).
200
Potential side effect of fracture which involves fat tissue.
What is fat embolus.
200
This class of drugs inhibit bone resorption and are used to treat osteoporosis. Fosamax (alendronate) is part of this class.
What are biphosphonates. Boniva, Reclast and Actonel are also in this class. Oral biphosphphonates should be taken with 8 oz of water in morning before eating. Clients should stay upright for 30 min after taking med. Report indigestion, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, or bloody emesis to provider immediately.
300
Grating or crackling sound which may be heard by nurse during musculoskeletal assessment.
What is crepitus.
300
In the first 24 hours after a musculoskeletal injury (for example, a fracture patient who reports to the ER), which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention. Elevate and apply ice? Or apply heat and keep extremity in a dependent position?
What is elevate the extremity and apply ice.
300
Blood donated before a procedure (such as musculoskeletal surgery) by the client themselves.
What is autologous blood donation.
300
If a client has itching under the cast, they should place a long hard thin tool (such as a scratching stick) under the cast and gently rub the itching spot. True or false?
What is false. No foreign objects should be placed under the cast. When client itches, he or she should blow cool air from a blow dryer under the cast.
300
Broccoli, milk, yogurt and cheese are high in this dietary mineral.
What is calcium. Calcium is important in bone mineralization and calcium supplements are indicated for those with bone demineralization conditions.
400
A partial separation of an articular surface.
What is a subluxation.
400
If this neuromuscular syndrome is not reversed, tissue necrosis can result. Nursing observations as this syndrome develops may be weak pulses, increased pain unrelieved by analgesia, paresthesia that does not resolve with shifting of body part, pallor and edema.
What is compartment syndrome. Neuromuscular damage occurs within 4-6 hours of onset. Within 24-48 hours, permanent loss of normal limb function can occur. It is a medical emergency.
400
Flexion greater than this angle should be avoided in patients after a total hip arthroplasty procedure.
What is 90 degrees. Patient should also avoid low chairs, should not cross their legs, should not internally rotate their toes, and can use a pillow or abduction device between legs when turning to unaffected side or unable to comply with angle precautions.
400
This condition occurs as synovial membrane inflammation causes cartilage destruction and bone erosion. Swelling, redness, warmth, pain at rest and after immobility (morning stiffness) are some observable signs. Can affect all joints.
What is rheumatoid arthritis.
400
Propranolol, neurontin, and baclofen are drugs that could be indicated for this type of pain occuring after an amputation.
What is phantom limb pain. Beta blockers (propranolol) are indicated for constant, dull, burning pain. Antiepileptics (neurontin) are indicated for sharp, knife-like pain. Antispasmodics (baclofen) are indicated for muscle spasms. Opiods (like morphine) are effective for incisional and residual limb pain (post op pain).
500
Permanent shortening of a muscle.
What is a contracture.
500
Repair of a joint under direct visualization.
What is open reduction. ORIF (open reduction/internal fixation) is done when orthopedic devices are used to maintain an open reduction.
500
These casts are light, water resistant and dry very quickly (within 30 minutes).
What is a synthetic fiberglass cast. Use gloves to touch any kind of cast until the cast is completely dry. A plaster of paris cast is heavy, not water-resistant and can take 24 to 48 hours to dry.
500
characterized by abnormal bone remodeling that is chronic, prone to fractures and pain
What is Paget's Disease
500
Patient was discharged after total knee replacement. Redness and warmth in calf after discharge may be evidence of this type of post operative complication.
What is DVT (deep vein thrombosis). An anticoagulant (such as Lovenox) may be given prophylactically to prevent this complication.
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