Mind Over Matter
This term refers to the scientific study of psychological disorders, including their causes, symptoms, and treatments.
Psychopathology
Pippin, age 7, struggles to maintain attention in class, frequently interrupts others, and often forgets instructions. His teachers report he’s constantly moving and talks excessively.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
This term refers to false, fixed beliefs not in line with reality.
Delusions
Ava has lost interest in activities she once enjoyed, feels persistently sad, and has trouble sleeping. These symptoms have lasted over two weeks and are affecting her work and relationships.
Major Depressive Disorder
This stimulant drug increases dopamine release and is highly addictive.
Cocaine
This approach views mental disorders as resulting from biological, psychological, and social factors.
Biopsychosocial Model
TRUE or FALSE: Neurodevelopmental disorders typically begin during adolescence and may cause impairments in personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning.
FALSE
Nina was found wandering in a city far from home with no memory of how she got there. She couldn’t recall her name or personal history, though she was physically unharmed.
Dissociative Amnesia/Dissociative Fugue
This mood state is characterized by elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting at least 1 week, often with increased activity and decreased need for sleep.
Mania
Mr. Reyes, age 72, has begun forgetting familiar routes, misplacing items, and repeating questions. His family reports a noticeable decline in his memory and ability to manage daily tasks.
Alzheimer’s Disease (Major Neurocognitive Disorder)
A therapist believes that a client’s panic attacks are due to catastrophic thinking and distorted beliefs. What psychological approach fits the clients' case?
Cognitive Approach
What are the two core symptom domains that characterize Autism Spectrum Disorder?
A psychotic disorder with positive and negative symptoms but lasting 1–6 months.
Schizophreniform Disorder
Jordan has periods of extreme energy, reduced need for sleep, and grandiose ideas about starting multiple businesses. These episodes are followed by weeks of deep sadness, fatigue, and feelings of worthlessness.
Bipolar I Disorder
This is a type of substance that came from the plant Papaver Somniferum, referred by the Sumerians as "Joy Plant” commonly used to treat pain.
Opioids/Opium
In the 4D's of Abnormal Behavior, this refers to behavior that interferes with a person's ability to function in daily life, including work, relationships, and self-care.
DYSFUNCTION
Frodo, 11, struggles significantly with reasoning, problem-solving, and learning. He also requires assistance with age-appropriate daily activities such as managing money, following schedules, and completing personal responsibilities. These difficulties have been present since childhood and affect both his academic and everyday functioning.
Question: What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder)
Lila believes her neighbors are spying on her through her television. She hears voices telling her she’s being watched, even when alone. Her speech is disorganized, and she often jumps between unrelated topics.
Schizophrenia
This disorder involves recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concern about future attacks.
Panic Disorder
Chris drinks heavily every night, despite repeated warnings from his doctor and family. He’s missed work, gotten into legal trouble, and continues drinking even after promising to stop.
Alcohol Use Disorder
This is a Culture-Bound Syndrome characterized by intense fear that one's body displeases, embarrases or is offensive to other people
Taijinkyofusho
Samwise, 10, has average intelligence and communicates appropriately with her classmates, but she has persistent difficulty reading. She frequently misreads words, reads slowly, and struggles to understand what she has just read despite receiving regular classroom instruction and additional reading support. Her difficulties have been present for more than a year and significantly affect her academic performance. She does not have hearing or vision problems or a neurological condition that would better explain her difficulties.
Question: What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
Specific Learning Disorder or Dyslexia
This term is otherwise known as "Shared Psychosis"
What is the difference between Anxiety and Fear?
Anxiety is considered a future-oriented, long-acting response focused on a diffuse threat. Fear is an appropriate, present-oriented, and short-lived response to a clearly identifiable and specific threat.
These are psychiatric conditions that arise as a direct result of substance use or withdrawal.
Substance-Induced Disorders